Background Malaria infection during pregnancy is a significant public health problem that puts pregnant women at risk. Interruption of transmission of asymptomatic malaria among a population remained a challenge and the host serves as a reservoir for the malaria parasite; and is also recognized as a major barrier to malaria elimination. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women in the Boset District, East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors in pregnant women from February to March 2022. Using multistage sample techniques, 328 asymptomatic pregnant women were enrolled. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A rapid test and Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy were used to diagnose Plasmodium infections. Epi info version 7 was used to code, enter, and clean data before being uploaded to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were employed to find the associated factors. Variables in the multivariable model with a p-value < 0.05 were considered significantly associated with asymptomatic malaria. Results Of the total 328 pregnant women who participated in this study, 9(2.74%) and 10(3.05%) were confirmed to be infected with Plasmodium species by microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests, respectively. Asymptomatic malaria during pregnancy was found to be significantly associated with not using an insecticide-treated bed net [(P = 0.002, AOR: 9.61; 95% CI (2.22–41.53)], lack of consultation and health education about malaria prevention during Antenatal care attendance [(P = 0.04, AOR: 4.05; 95% CI (1.02, 16.05)], and living close stagnant water [(P = 0.02, AOR: 4.43; 95% CI (1.17,16.82)]. Conclusions The current study showed that asymptomatic malaria is prevalent in pregnant women. Not using insecticide-treated bed nets, inadequate health education during antenatal care, and living close to stagnant water are significantly associated with malaria infection. Thus, using insecticide-treated bed nets, health education, and avoiding stagnant water from residential areas could play significant roles in preventing asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women in the study area.

Background: In Ethiopia, the malaria epidemic continues to cause significant morbidity, accounting for the majority of outpatient visits. In Ethiopia, malaria transmission follows an unusual pattern, with large-scale epidemics occurring every 5–8 years. In Ethiopia, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In Ziway –Dugda, malaria is a major public health problem. The objective of this study was to look into the outbreak and determine the risk factors in the Ziway Dugda Woreda. Method: A 1:1 case-to-control ratio was used in this unmatched case-control study. The calculated sample size for this study was 216 and a simple random sampling technique was used to select cases and controls. SPSS version 25 was used to manage and analyze data collected on a clinical basis, disease risk factors, and knowledge assessments on the mode of transmission and prevention methods. Result: Of the total malaria cases (n=182), almost 100% of the cases were confirmed by RDT/ microscopy. In the district, the average attack rate was 28.9 per 1000 people. The most severely affected groups were those aged 5–14 years and females, with attack rates of 32.6 and 30.7 per 1000 inhabitants, respectively. The presence of an artificial water reservoir near the house [AOR =2.63, 95% CI 1.26, 5.49], staying outside at night [AOR =4.82, 95 % CI 2.33, 9.96], no knowledge of malaria transmission, prevention, and control [AOR =3.71, 95 % CI 1.78, 7.73], dense grass [AOR=3.86, 95% CI 1.40, 10.63], and the lack of a controlled environment [AOR =4.96, 95% CI 2.36, 10.41]. Conclusion: The malaria outbreak in Ziway Dugda mostly affected children aged 5 to 14. In multivariable logistic regression, lack of awareness about malaria transmission and control, the presence of stagnant water, staying outside at night, the presence of stagnant water, and poor environmental control were all significantly linked to the occurrence of the malaria outbreak. The community should be aware of malaria prevention and control measures.

Background: Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium infecting red blood cells. Malaria infection during pregnancy is a significant public health problem that puts pregnant women at risk. Due to the asymptomatic nature of malaria patients, diagnosis has been difficult, definitions have been inconsistent, and there has been a general lack of urgency to explore this illness outcome. Because asymptomatic malaria represents a challenge in interrupting transmission in a population and the asymptomatic host serves as a reservoir for the malaria parasite, it is now recognized as a major barrier to malaria elimination. This study aims to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women in the Boset District, East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women from February to March 2022. Using multistage sample techniques, 328 asymptomatic pregnant women were enrolled. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A rapid test and Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy were used to diagnose Plasmodium infections. Epi info version 7 was used to code, enter, and clean data before being uploaded to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were utilized to find the associated factors. Results: Of the total 328 pregnant women who participated in this study, 9(2.74%) and 10(3.05%) were confirmed to be infected with Plasmodium species by microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests, respectively. Malaria during pregnancy was found to be significantly associated with not using an insecticide-treated bed net [AOR: 9.66; 95 % CI: (2.03-45.98), lack of consultation and health education about malaria prevention during Antenatal care attendance [AOR: 4.19; 95 % CI: (1.07, 16.44), and living close stagnant water [AOR: 7.58; 95% CI: (1.06, 18.66). Conclusions: The current study showed asymptomatic malaria is prevalent in pregnant women. Insecticide-treated bed nets, Health education during Antenatal care, and living close to stagnant water had a significant association with malaria. This indicates pregnant women have to be screened for asymptomatic malaria and educated on malaria preventive methods during Antenatal care services.

Introduction: Scabies is one of the common public health problems but neglected parasitic diseases caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Global scabies prevalence was about a 204million cases with 0.21% of total disability-adjusted life years lost. In Ethiopia, scabies is common, especially during natural or man-made disasters. This study was aimed to investigate scabies suspected outbreak and risk factors in Gumbichu District, Central Ethiopia, 2021.Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study among 96 participants (32 cases and 64 controls) was conducted in the Gumbichu district from July 1-20/2021. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Line-listed data were entered into Microsoft Excel for descriptive analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with scabies. The odds ratio of 95% CI and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance.Results: A total of 1231 scabies cases line listed with overall attack rate of 16/1,000 population. The mean age was 14 years, and most affected age group was 5–14 years. Frequency of shower per month [AOR (95% CI) = 6.51(1.26-33.54)], sleeping with scabies patient [AOR (95% CI) = 10.52(3.75-29.53)], contact history [AOR (95%) = 11.44(1.72-76.22)],family size ≥5 [AOR (95% CI) = 8.63(2.42-30.84)], and sharing clothes with scabies cases [AOR (95% CI) = 14.31(3.04-67.35)] were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion: Frequency of shower per month, contact history, sleeping with scabies case, family size ≥5, and sharing clothes with scabies case were associated with a high frequency of scabies. Therefore, it is recommended to raise awareness about the transmission, prevention, and control of scabies disease.