VGP (Virtual Geomagnetic Pole) paths during reversals are preferentially located in roughly north south circum-Pacific arcs, where the temperature of the mantle at the core mantle boundary is lowest. This indicates that the movement of magnetic flux concentrations in the outermost core responds to thermal constraints during the reversal. Hence thermal energy plays a role in driving the geodynamo. The preponderance of the occurrence of reversals when the obliquity is lower than the average within the last 5 Ma and their preferential onset during the decreasing half of the obliquity cycle provide evidence for a role of precession in driving the dynamo. The geodynamo therefore appears to involve a combination of thermal and precessional energy. A reversal with its decay of the dipole intensity by almost an order of magnitude, the polarity switch, and regrowth of the new axial dipole involves an intermediate equatorial field source, whose polarity also switches with the axial dipole. The whole reversal process for each of the last two reversals falls within approximately one obliquity cycle of 41,000 years and the polarity switch is close to the midpoint of the cycle.
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