High-grade invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) of the breast with large, central acellular zones on their cut surfaces are usually associated with the myoepithelial immunophenotype of carcinoma cells, which includes the expression of S-100 protein, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and keratin 14. To clarify the clinical significance of these features of IDCs, the authors compared the incidence of the myoepithelial immunophenotype immunohistochemically, patient prognosis, and metastatic sites of the tumor between 20 high-grade IDCs with large, central acellular zones and 40 control high-grade IDCs without these zones. The myoepithelial immunophenotype was detected in 16 IDCs (80%) with large, central acellular zones but in only seven IDCs (18%) without. The risk ratio of metastasis, especially in the brain and lung, and death from cancer were significantly higher (p = 0.0096 and p = 0.030) for the 20 IDCs with large, central acellular zones than for those without by Cox's univariate analysis. Using Cox's multivariate analysis, large, central acellular zones in IDCs were an indicator of high risk of brain and lung metastases and of death by cancer independent of nodal status and tumor size. Examination of large, central acellular zones and myoepithelial immunophenotype in high-grade IDCs appears helpful in predicting patient prognosis and preferential metastatic sites of the tumors.
We have grown [100]-oriented BaSi2 multidomain epilayers on Si(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using a BaSi2 epitaxial template formed by reactive deposition epitaxy (RDE). The [100]-oriented BaSi2 films were obtained over a wide temperature range from 450 to 700°C: The optimum growth temperature was about 600°C at which the integrated intensity of X-ray diffraction peak was maximum and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) was minimum. X-ray pole figure measurements revealed that there were three epitaxial variants of [100]-oriented BaSi2 due to the three-fold symmetry of the Si(111) surface.
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