Please use Adobe Acrobat Reader to read this book chapter for free. Just open this same document with Adobe Reader. If you do not have it, you can download it here. You can freely access the chapter at the Web Viewer here. Zoonosis 324 Epidemiological studies in endemic villages of Peru have shown human infection prevalences ranging from 5.5% to 9.1%, with the prevalence of CE in sheep and cattle as high as 77% and 68%, respectively(Moro et al. 2011). A recent surveyin Spain showed human CE annual incidence rates in the range of 1.1 to 3.4 cases per 10 5 person-years, in combination with ovine or bovine CE prevalence proportions of up to 23%.(Benner et al.2010) In Chına where CE is highly endemic, farmers (76%) were the main group of echinococcosis patients, followed by students (12.4%), workers including those self employed (5.2%), cadres (4.8%) and others (2%). Females outnumbered male patients with a ratio of 1.38. For 2000, the population ratio showed a significantly higher morbidity in females for echinococcosis (Yang et al,2010). Cystic echinococcosis(CE) is an endemic zoonosis in Iran particularly in rural regions. Harandi et al prepared a study to determine the prevalence of CE among rural communities in Kerman using ultrasonography (US) and serology in southeastern Iran. Two hydatid cases (0.2%) were detected by ultrasound. Serological results showed 7.3% seropositivity, and females (8.3%) were significantly more positive than males (2.1%). There were significant difference between CE seropositivity and sex, age and occupation. Dog ownership does not appear to be a significant risk factor for CE in the region. The serological study showed that many people, especially women, had been exposed to Echinococcus eggs and had seroconverted but were not infected (Harandi et al, 2011). Greece is another cauntry where national surveillance programmes are running for Cystic echinococcosis. The prevelance of human hydatidosis, declined from an annual incidence of 14.8 per 100,000 inhabitants during 1967-1971 to 0.3 in 2008. Late surveys revealed that in Greece the prevalence of echinococcosis was 23-39.2% for sheep, 7.6-14.7% for goats, 0% in cattle and 0.6% in pigs (Sotirakis&Chaligiannis,2010). The prevelance of CE in sheep reported to European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2008 is 4.3% in Bulgaria, 11.3% in Italy , 6.7% in Poland and 5% in Romania. High levels of sheep CE were also reported in Portugal and Greece in 2007 (9.4% and 3.9%, respectively)