The concept of sustainability deals with protecting and sustaining society and environment for future generations while trying to meet the maximization of market capitalization objective. Despite the increased awareness of corporate sustainability, questions remain on how to measure performance. The objective of this paper is to propose a new measurement method, which is Multimoora Sort, for corporate sustainability performance and make an empirical case with the 25 companies listed in Fortune 500 USA. We chose four economic subcriteria, two environmental subcriteria, and four social subcriteria for the methodology. The results of the study show that the proposed methodology is a practical and efficient decision method.The most important contribution of the study to the literature is to present a new evaluation method in the measurement of sustainability performance as well as the results of the empirical case are supported by the resource dependency theory, institutional theory, and stakeholder theory.

Abstract. Investors have limited budget and they try to maximize their return with minimum risk. Therefore this study aims to deal with the portfolio selection problem. In the study two criteria are considered which are expected return, and risk. In this respect, linear physical programming (LPP) technique is applied on Bist 100 stocks to be able to find out the optimum portfolio.

In recent years, the number of firms that give importance to environmental problems such as consumption of natural resources, decline in water resources and global warming are increasing. However, the classical view of literature argues that firms’ environmental protection operations decrease the financial performance of them. For that reason, in this study, it is aimed to analyze the relationship between financial performance and environmental performance of the firms. The sample of the study consists of firms listed on Borsa Istanbul 100 index and has a climate change score declared in CDP Turkey Climate Change Report 2015. Climate change score is used for measuring environmental performance. Accounting (Return on Asset) and marketing measures (Market Value/Book Value) are used for measuring financial performance. The relationship between the environmental performance and financial performance of the firms compared with the help of correlation analysis. Findings reveal that there is a positive relation between financial performance and environmental performance. The correlation between market performance and environmental performance is weaker than the correlation between accounting performance and environmental performance. Moreover, multidimensional scaling technique is utilized to cluster the firms in terms of their financial and environmental performance. A map is formed with the help of multidimensional scaling that shows the relative positioning of the sampled firms due to their environmental performance and financial performance.

ÖZ The Factors That Affect Bank Profitability: Comparison Between European Union Banks and Turkish Banks ABSTRACT In the study it is aimed to analyze the factors that affect the banks' profitability with the help of panel data analysis. The observation period is 2009-2013. In the study bank profitability is dependent variable and the factors that affect banks' profitability are independent variables. In the end of the study the factors affecting the Turkish banks' profitability and the factors affecting the European Union banks' profitability are compared. The study revealed that the capital ratio and bank size affect the return of asset ratio of Turkish banks and loan ratio and the capital size affect the net interest margin ratio of Turkish banks. It is observed that the bank size, capital ratio, loan ratio and deposit ratio affect the return on asset ratio of European Union banks and bank size, capital ratio, loan ratio and loan loss provisions ratio affect the net interest margin ratio of European Union banks.

Sermaye yapısı kararları ve firma karlılığı arasındaki ilişki üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda tartışmalar hala devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın da başlangıç noktasını bu tartışmalar oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı sermaye yapısı kararlarının ve firmaların kredi risk düzeylerinin firma karlılığı üzerine etkisi olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Çalışmada sermaye yapısı, kredi risk düzeyi ve firma karlılığı arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi yardımı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Firma karlılığını ölçmek için aktif karlılığı oranı seçilmiştir (AK). Sermaye yapısını değerlendirebilmek için kaldıraç oranı ve uzun vadeli borç oranı seçilmiştir. Ayrıca firmaların kredi risklerini değerlendirmek için kukla değişken kullanılmıştır. Firma büyüklüğünün de firma karlılığını etkilediği düşünülerek firma büyüklüğü de kontrol değişkeni olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışma da 2013-2017 yılları arasında Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren 235 halka açık işletme çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda sermaye yapısı kararlarından kaldıraç oranının firma karlılığını istatistiki olarak negatif yönde etkilediği bulunmuştur. Firma karlılığı ve firma büyüklüğü arasında da istatistiki olarak anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak firmaların kredi risk düzeylerinin sermaye yapısı ve karlılık arasındaki ilişkide bir farklılık yaratmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.