No abstract

Abstract. The thermal characteristics of In-wheel Motor is one of the key technologies for the motors used in the New Energy Vehicles. In this paper, the thermal simulation model of in-wheel motor used for solar car was established, the thermal characteristics of In-wheel motor were analyzed by building the mass flow and heat-transfer coupling simulation model. The motor temperature field data were acquired by simulation combined with the actual work conditions. The simulation air cooling model of in-wheel motor and verification researches were carried out, which provides the basis for the further thermal design and optimization of In-wheel motor structure. OverviewIn response to the increasingly stringent environmental protection and low energy consumption challenges, electric vehicle, as the mainstream of the new energy vehicles, has been developing rapidly. Motor is one of the key components for new energy vehicles, and its technological progress has a great impact on vehicle's performance. In-wheel motor is the future direction of new energy electric vehicles development, which can not only save the car space but also achieve independent drive control. However, practical application of In-wheel motor must deal with problems like thermal stress, torque fluctuations and compact structure.Many scholars have conducted a lot of researches regarding motor cooling. Jinxin Fan [1] etc. used the lumped thermal parameter method to analyze the thermal behavior of the motor in the actual working condition. Due to the slight increase in loss caused by temperature change, efficiency decrease is not obvious within short time. Normally we regard the temperature field and electromagnetic field as non-coupling treatment, which indicates that loss does not vary with time, or efficiency [2]. K. Farsane [3] et al. measured the temperature, flow display and velocity, pointed out the correlation between the thermal and aerodynamic conditions of the motor and modify the geometry of the motor body to significantly improve the cooling effect. Lukas Kung [4] and others, based on aerodynamics, improved the 2-15MW self-ventilation in aspects including stator bar and rotor inlet, which brings better cooling effect.Despite the researches mentioned above, thermal characteristics for In-wheel motor is a problem that few people concentrated and which must be solved for real application. This paper conducted simulation research on the heat dissipation of the solar car in-wheel motor. Based on the heat dissipation model, the simulation research was carried out, and the model was also validated. The Cooling Model of Pmsm In-Wheel MotorThe permanent magnet synchronous in-wheel motor used in this research is an external rotor structure, which is shown in Fig. 1, including the outer rotor, stator, magnet and position sensors. 329This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

No abstract

No abstract

Gantry cranes, which have attracted extensive attention, are mostly simplified as nonlinear single pendulum systems without load hoisting/lowering. However, in fact, due to the existence of the hook, gantry cranes produce double pendulum swing. With an extra underactuated degree of freedom, the anti-swing control of the double pendulum gantry cranes becomes more difficult than that of single pendulum gantry cranes, especially when load hoisting/lowering is considered simultaneously. Moreover, large swings, which lead to problems such as inaccurate positioning and low transportation efficiency, may be caused by double pendulum gantry cranes with load hoisting/lowering. In this paper, a nonlinear coupled tracking anti-swing controller is proposed to solve these problems. In this controller, a smooth tracking trajectory is introduced to ensure the stable start and run of the trolley, and a coupled signal is constructed to eliminate the residual swing angles of gantry crane system. The system stability is analyzed by using Lyapunov method and Barbarat theorem. Theoretical derivation, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller has excellent control performance, specifically, not only does it ensure accurate positioning of the load, but also it suppresses and eliminates the hook/load swing angle effectively. The proposed controller can still achieve good control effects and has strong robustness under the condition of changing the load mass, trolley target displacement, system initial swing angles and adding external disturbance.