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Carbon-based iron catalysts combining the advantages of iron and carbon material are efficient and sustainable catalysts for green organic synthesis. The present review summarizes the recent examples of carbon-based iron catalysts for organic reactions, including reduction, oxidation, tandem and other reactions. In addition, the introduction strategies of iron into carbon materials and the structure and activity relationship (SAR) between these catalysts and organic reactions are also highlighted. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities of organic synthesis over carbon-based iron catalysts have also been addressed. This review will stimulate more systematic and in-depth investigations on carbon-based iron catalysts for exploring sustainable organic chemistry.

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CO 2 conversion by stable, cost-effective carbonic anhydrase (CA)-like nanozymes emerges as an efficient and sustainable approach for CO 2 fixation. In this work, a novel iron-based nanomaterial (Fe10@CN-Mg) was first reported to be a CA mimic, in which FeN x sites and Mg(OH) 2 play a synergistically catalytic effect for CO 2 conversion. Although this material has much lower metal content and cost, it has comparable kinetic constants (K m 6.37 mM and V max 30.74 mM/min) and a significantly higher CaCO 3 formation rate (20.60 g•g −1 •h −1 , the quality of CaCO 3 produced per hour per gram of the catalyst) than that of reported CA mimics. Fe10@CN-Mg is stable when processed at extreme pH, high temperature, organic solvents, and high ionic strength and also retains high activity after long storage times (two months) and seven cycles. In addition, Fe10@CN-Mg was successfully applied to convert CO 2 into cyclic carbonates with high economic efficiency.