No abstract

Research on hemorrhage has concentrated on its effects rather than the manner of occurrence. A new experimental method in which the rate of bleeding is a function of prevailing arterial pressure is proposed and described. The effects of standard crystalloid volume expansion and of small volume hypertonic treatment on this protocol are demonstrated. In pressure-driven hemorrhage, survival time and the decay of arterial pressure, cardiac output, oxygen consumption, and base excess are functions of the bleeding rate, but plasma proteins and hematocrits are independent. The decay of arterial pressure is also a complex function of blood volume deficit, but this relation is not dependent on the rate of blood removal. Volume expansion induces a recovery of circulatory function despite enhanced blood loss. A comparison between equiosmolar solutions of hypertonic sodium chloride and acetate shows that acetate produces a smaller pressor (hence less blood loss) but larger blood flow (hence higher O2 availability) effect. The possible importance of the isochloremic nature of the response to acetate is highlighted.

No abstract

We analyzed the different effects of CO2, Nd-YAG, and argon lasers on aorta by using a Thermovision infrared system that registered the laser interaction with mongrel dog aorta. The images (thermograms) obtained were processed by a computer, which associated each area of the same temperature with a determined color. These thermograms were compared to histological analysis of the respective samples and the following results were obtained: (1) After the application of each laser there is very little propagation of heat in tissue. (2) The CO2 laser makes tissue reach 100 degrees C in less than 0.05 seconds. (3) The heat dissipation time was higher with the Nd-YAG laser due to higher scattering on tissue. Based on this research we conclude that the CO2 laser was best absorbed, the Nd-YAG laser penetrated human tissue with the best results, and the argon laser had the most significant backscattering.

BRAGA, G. K. Identificação dos riscos sanitários na manipulação de medicamentos alopáticos não estéreis em farmácia comunitária e o papel das boas práticas de manipulação no controle desses riscos. 2009. 126f. Tese