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The aim. Determination of alleles of the photoperiod sensitivity genes Ppd-1 in 16 winter wheat varieties of the Bilatserkovska Experimental Breeding Station and identification of the haplotypes of Ppd-D1 gene according to the accepted classification. Methods. DNA isolation, allele-specific and nested PCR, electrophoresis in agarose and polyacrylamide gels, determination of the significant differences in the time of heading. Results. Plants of the varieties Vodohrai bilotserkivs’kiy; Bilotserkivs’ka napivkarlykova, Olesia, Perlyna lisostepu, Elehiia, Yasochka, Lybid’, Tsarivna, Lisova pisnia, Romantyka, Vidrada, Schedra nyva, Charodiika bilotsekivs’ka, Russa, Driada 1 have the genotype PpdA1b Ppd-B1b Ppd-D1a and belong to the VII haplotype of the Ppd-D1 gene. The genotype of the variety Legenda bilotsekivs’ka is characterized by the presence of the alleles Ppd-A1b Ppd-B1b Ppd-D1b and belongs to the IV haplotype of the Ppd-D1 gene. The significant differences (P = 0.01) in the time of heading was detected only between the varieties Russa and Legenda bilotsekivs’ka and was 12.4 days. Conclusions. Most BEBS varieties are characterized by genotype — PpdA1b Ppd-B1b Ppd-D1a, in which the allele Ppd-D1a determines insensitivity to the photoperiod and leads to early heading. Only variety Legenda bilotsekivs’ka is the carrier of the recessive allele of Ppd-D1 gene, belongs to the IV haplotype, has the latest time of heading. Keywords: Ppd-A1, Ppd-B1, Ppd-D1 genes, winter wheat, PCR analysis, photoperiod sensitivity.

Rht-B1 is one of the most important genes responsible for the height of bread winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Studies of dwarfing genes are crucial for both improving genetic potential of the bread wheat cultivar and developing new effective breeding strategies in conditions of insufficient moisture. In this study, tall isogenic lines containing wild type Rht-B1a allele (Odes'ka 267 and Odes'ka 51) and short ones containing Rht-B1b (Odes'ka 267 b ) and Rht-B1e (Odes'ka 51 e ) alleles was analysed. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate direct and pleiotropic effects of these alleles on main agronomic traits of winter wheat in the south steppe region of Ukraine. Methods used are allele-specific PCR, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), structural analysis of main agronomic traits and statistical data processing. Effects of Rht-B1b and Rht-B1e alleles on important agronomic characteristics of winter wheat were evaluated and were found differences in their influence on such traits: plant height, thousand kernel weight, total protein content, absolute protein content of thousand kernels. Rht-B1e reduces plant height more dramatically than Rht-B1b: decrease in plant height was 40.0% and 17.6%, respectively. The negative effects of Rht-B1e are decline in number of fertile spikelets, number and weight of kernels in the main ear, thousand kernel weight, whereas in plants with Rht-B1b these traits were increased, compared to the Rht-B1a allele plants. Main spike density was decreased by both alleles, but for Rht-B1e the drop was bigger. Rht-B1e more essentially increased productive tillering than Rht-B1b. In drought conditions plants with Rht-B1e allele showed less productivity than those containing Rht-B1b compared to respective recurrent wild type allele lines.

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