We describe two patients with Nelson's syndrome in whom pregnancy progressed normally to spontaneous delivery of normal infants. One patient, who subsequently was found to have a basophil adenoma of the pituitary, developed diabetes insipidus in late pregnancy and the diabetes insipidus regressed spontaneously after delivery.

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The relationship between aerobic training, vagal influence on the heart and ageing was examined by assessing aerobic fitness and resting heart rate variability in trained and untrained older men. Subjects were 11 trained cyclists and runners (mean ageϭ66Ϯ1и6 years) and 11 untrained, age-matched men (mean ageϭ66Ϯ1и2 years). Heart rate variability testing involved subjects lying supine for 25 min during which subjects' breathing was paced and monitored (7и5 breaths min Ϫ1 ). Heart rate variability was assessed through time series analysis (HRV ts ) of the interbeat interval. Results indicated that trained older men (3и55Ϯ0и21 l min Ϫ1 ) had significantly (PϽ0и05) greater VO 2max than that of control subjects (2и35Ϯ0и15 l min Ϫ1 ). Also, trained older men (52Ϯ1и8 beats min Ϫ1 ) had significantly (PϽ0и05) lower supine resting heart rate than that of control subjects (65Ϯ4и2 beats min Ϫ1 ). HRV ts at high frequencies was greater for trained men (5и98Ϯ0и22) than for untrained men (5и23Ϯ0и32). These data suggest that regular aerobic exercise in older men is associated with greater levels of HRV ts at rest. Summary.The relationship between aerobic training, vagal influence on the heart and ageing was examined by assessing aerobic fitness and resting heart rate variability in trained and untrained older men. Subjects were 11 trained cyclists and runners (mean ageϭ66Ϯ1и6 years) and 11 untrained, age-matched men (mean ageϭ66Ϯ1и2 years). Heart rate variability testing involved subjects lying supine for 25 min during which subjects' breathing was paced and monitored (7и5 breaths min Ϫ1 ). Heart rate variability was assessed through time series analysis (HRV ts ) of the interbeat interval. Results indicated that trained older men (3и55Ϯ0и21 l min Ϫ1 ) had significantly (PϽ0и05) greater VO 2max than that of control subjects (2и35Ϯ0и15 l min Ϫ1 ). Also, trained older men (52Ϯ1и8 beats min Ϫ1 ) had significantly (PϽ0и05) lower supine resting heart rate than that of control subjects (65Ϯ4и2 beats min Ϫ1 ). HRV ts at high frequencies was greater for trained men (5и98Ϯ0и22) than for untrained men (5и23Ϯ0и32). These data suggest that regular aerobic exercise in older men is associated with greater levels of HRV ts at rest.

The relationship between aging, physical activity, and vagal influence on the heart was assessed by measuring resting heart period variability in postmenopausal women. Participants were 14 aerobically trained women (mean age 55 ± 1.0 years) and 20 untrained women (mean age 59 ± 1.1 years). Participants lay for 25 min while heart period variability was assessed during spontaneous and paced breathing (7.5 breaths · min-1). Heart period variability was assessed through time series analysis (HPVts) of the interbeat interval. Results indicated I that the trained women had significantly (p < .05) lower supine resting heart rate than the untrained group. HPVts at high frequencies during spontaneous and paced breathing was greater for trained compared to untrained participants. Similarly, HPVts at medium frequencies during spontaneous and paced breathing was greater for trained compared to untrained participants. Also, rate pressure product of the trained group was significantly lower than for the untrained. These results extend prior research by showing that aerobically trained postmenopausal women possessed significantly elevated resting vagal influence on the heart compared to their untrained counterparts.

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