In the current search for renewable energy sources, residual biomass has gained ground in the concept of biorefinery. Furanic compounds such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furfural (FF) and derivatives such as levulinic acid (LA), obtained from biomass, have emerged as important industrial chemical platforms. In this sense, this work aimed to use pequi bark, typical biomass and abundant in the Brazilian cerrado, in the production of HMF, FF and LA using the ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazole bromide ([BMIM][Br]). The analysis of chemical composition of pequi bark showed that it has potential for use in the production of bioproducts, FF, HMF and LA, with yields of 65, 3 and 23.7%, respectively. High glucose conversion rates were found (> 90%). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to obtain the mathematical model with α = 0.05, verifying the significance of the second order model established for HMF (F = 0.00167) and FF (0.004494). The model fit is satisfactory, obtaining the coefficient of determination (R 2) for the HMF and for the FF of 0.9599 and 0.08422, respectively. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that pequi bark has good precursor capacity for use in biorefinery processes.

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Esta investigación se realizó desde la perspectiva temática sobre el fenómeno de las pandillas como hilo conductor en diferentes segmentos narrativos de la literatura centroamericana. Se estudian la novela Yurique (2019) de Berne Ayalá, el cuento El sueño (2022) de Josué Andrés Moz, el cuento Hombre de rodillas del libro La teta mala (2019) de Mauricio Orellana Suárez, y el cuento La Doña del libro El Domador (2003) de Javier Vindel. Se utilizó el sistema categorial para la Maropoética articulado por Jorge Martínez López y Vladimir Flores Ascencio: el “Cronotopo clandestino-cartográfico” y el “Cronotopo histórico-personales” para segmentar aquellas partículas pertenecientes al tópico visceral de las pandillas. Por otro lado, se adoptó la categoría del “personaje” propuesta de Francisco Álamo Felices. Todas las bases teóricas ayudan a determinar una nueva vertiente llamada “maronarrativa”, en la que los personajes asumen un rol principal de testigo o víctima. Recepción: 09/01/2023 Evaluación: 19/02/2023 Recepción de la versión definitiva: 17/03/2023