Purpose: To accommodate the unprecedented number of critically ill patients with pneumonia caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) expansion of the capacity of intensive care unit (ICU) to clinical areas not previously used for critical care was necessary. We describe the global burden of COVID-19 admissions and the clinical and organizational characteristics associated with outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Methods: Multicenter, international, point prevalence study, including adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to ICU between February 15th and May 15th, 2020.Results: 4994 patients from 280 ICUs in 46 countries were included. Included ICUs increased their total capacity from 4931 to 7630 beds, deploying personnel from other areas. Overall, 1986 (39.8%) patients were admitted to surge capacity beds. Invasive ventilation at admission was present in 2325 (46.5%) patients and was required during ICU stay in 85.8% of patients. 60-day mortality was 33.9% (IQR across units: 20%-50%) and ICU mortality 32.7%. Older age, invasive mechanical ventilation, and acute kidney injury (AKI) were associated with increased mortality. These associations were also confirmed specifically in mechanically ventilated patients. Admission to surge capacity beds was not associated with mortality, even after controlling for other factors.

Two field experimental were carried out at 71 Km West Nubaryia Cairo Desert Road El-Behara Gov. Egypt during two successive seasons 2014/ 15 and 2015/ 16 to study the effects of four nitrogen fertilizer rates (without, 33.5, 67 and 100.5 kg N/ fed.), four potassium fertilizer rates (without, 16, 32 and 48 kg k 2 o/ fed.) and their interactions on yield and quality of multigerm sugarbeet cultivar (Magribl) grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system were investigated at West Noubaryia region condition. In this split plot design, the main plots were assigned to rates of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium rates were arranged to random as the sub-plots. The results indicated that increasing nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates significantly increased yield characterizes, roots, top and sugar yields (tons/ fed.). Adding the highest rates of nitrogen (100.5 kg N/ fed.) and potassium (48 kg K 2 O/ fed.) produced the highest sugarbeet yields of roots (34.98 and 29.39 tons/ fed.), top (28.73 and 22.53 tons/ fed.) and sugar (4.76 and 3.82 tons/ fed.), respectively. Increasing nitrogen rate up to 100.5 kg N/ fed. and potassium rate up to 32 Kg K 2 O/ fed. significantly, increased of some juice quality, total soluble solids (T.S.S) and sucrose concentration in roots juice. While the other juice trait, purity percentage was insignificant affected by nitrogen and potassium application rates. The maximum T.S. S% (21.37 and 20.43) and sucrose% (16.90 and 16.36) was achieved by adding 100.5 Kg N and 32 Kg K 2 O/ fed., respectively. Also, increasing nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates significantly increased impurity parameters, (Na, K, α-amino nitrogen percentages and loss sugar%) as well as decreased QZ%. In conclusion nitrogen fertilizer application at a rate of 100.5 kg N/ fed. accompanied with 48 kg K 2 O/ fed. was found to be the most favorable for improving the yield and quality of sugarbeet grown in a sandy.

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Field experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, (Saba-Basha) -Alexandria University, Egypt during winter growing seasons of 2017and 2018. Drip irrigation system was used in sandy soil to rate the irrigation water usage and increase its use efficiency, and then maximize Faba beans productivity under water deficit conditions. Four Egyptian Faba bean ecotypes and a commercial cultivar (Cleopatra) were grown under a drip irrigation system for evaluation under water deficit conditions. Four irrigation rate treatments were applied; i.e., 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% of the ET0. The results revealed that the tested Faba bean genotypes differed among themselves in most of the studied traits, whether the vegetative characters, yield, and its component traits and pod characteristics. Most of the studied characters, especially the vegetative characters, leaves chlorophyll content and pods fresh yield/feddan trait were significantly affected by the irrigation rates. The obtained results showed that there was a significant decrease in the values of most of these characters by reducing irrigation rates from 3167 (100% of the ET0) down to 1267 m 3 / fed. (40% of the ET0) in the first season and from 3100 (100% of the ET0) down to 1240 m 3 /fed. (40% of the ET0) in the second season. The results showed that the Cleopatra cultivar was the best-tested genotype in terms of irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Also, the same cultivar was significantly superior to most of the tested Faba bean ecotypes in terms of growth vigor and productivity, even with irrigation water shortage, down to 2534 m 3 / fed. or 2480 m 3 / fed. during the first and second seasons (80% of the ET0), respectively. The results of this study showed that, under the conditions of this experiment, it is possible to rationalize irrigation water usage by 20.00% from the common irrigated treatment to reach the highest irrigation water use efficiency even with a decrease of yield, especially in semi-arid areas with limited water.

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