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Objective: Although systemic arterial hypertension has been recognized as a common complication of thermal injury. In children, its pathophysiological characteristics have not been defined. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of hypertension in such patients and identify the risk factors for its development and its influence on the clinical outcome. Design and method: We conducted a retrospective study in the national burn center of the Hospital University IBN ROCHD of Casablanca between September 2019 and January 2020 including 120 childs suffering from different types of burns. Results: 24 patients developed hypertension (20%) wich occurred most frequently in boys and in the age group of 7 to 12 years. The incidence increases with the severity of the burn up to a total surface area of 40%. Four of the 30 patients developed hypertensive encephalopathy and epileptic seizures. We didn’t found any correlation between hypertension and mortality in our study. And according to our results hypertension could not be related to the location of the burn, drug treatment or differences in transfusions. Conclusions: Monitoring daily blood pressure showed that hypertension is limited to the phase treatment of burns and blood pressure levels normalized after complete autologous transplantation. Encephalopathy and seizure problems seek the need for careful monitoring of blood pressure and effective antihypertensive therapy in children with burns.

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