Ultrasound real-time imaging is a technique that may help make a differential diagnosis between cysts and granulomas by revealing the nature of the content of a bony lesion. This technique may have further applications in the study of other lesions of the jaws.

Ultrasound real time imaging is a promising diagnostic technique in endodontology, but further work is required to refine the process.

Radiographs in endodontics are of importance for the study and management of periapical lesions. With the development of advanced systems in traditional radiology, new and more accurate imaging techniques are constantly under investigation. Computerized tomography, magnetic resonance and real‐time echotomography have been introduced in recent years to the field of endodontics: they may have advantages over conventional techniques for the amount of detailed information they can provide on specific cases. This paper reviews these new imaging techniques with respect to their possible role in the diagnosis and management of periapical lesions.

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