Many methods with different levels of analytical sensitivity and clinical specificity have been developed to detect the presence of high-risk (HR) types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples. The Hybrid Capture II (HC-II) assay is broadly used for primary screening. In addition, several HPV genotyping assays, based on PCR methods, display higher sensitivity than the HC-II and are also used in screening programs. We evaluated the performance of three HPV DNA tests, namely, the HC-II, the Linear Array (LA) HPV genotyping assay, and an HPV type-specific E7 PCR bead-based multiplex genotyping assay (TS-MPG) that is a laboratory-developed method for the detection of HPV, in 94 women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and in cytological samples from 86 women with a negative Pap test. The HPV prevalence with the TS-MPG assay was increased compared to the prevalence with the LA and HC-II assays. The HPV DNA prevalence in women with ASC-US was greater with the TS-MPG assay (46.2%) than with the LA (36.3%) and HC-II (29.7%) assays. The HPV DNA prevalence in the control group was greater with the TS-MPG assay (32.1%) than with the LA assay (10.7%). Two women with ASC-US who were HPV DNA negative by the HC-II and positive by the TS-MPG or/and LA assays had lesions that progressed to low-grade squamous intraepithelial and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. This study shows that the TS-MPG assay exhibited higher analytical sensitivity than the LA and HC-II assays for the detection of HPV DNA, which reduces the potential to incorrectly identify a woman's HPV infection status.
Infection by high-risk (HR) types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been demonstrated in almost all cervical carcinomas (3, 41). Women with persistent infections of HR-HPV types have a greater risk for developing premalignant lesions and therefore require additional screening (22,36). Previous studies have shown that the risk of persistence and progression of infection differs by genotype (20,31). Therefore, HPV genotyping has important implications in screening protocols, especially among women who have been diagnosed with premalignant lesions.DNA detection of HR-HPV types is applicable in several clinical settings. HR-HPV DNA testing is recommended in combination with cytology in women 30 years or older and as a posttreatment follow-up test (37). In addition, HPV testing has proven to be useful for triage of the very problematic categories of equivocal cytological results that account for around half of abnormal results, such as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) (2).The management of ASC-US, or a borderline Pap smear, has been problematic because the majority of women with this Pap result have no lesions, although approximately 5 to 11% have high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 1 per 1,000 have cervical cancer (10).A large panel of methods with different levels of analytical sensitivity and clinical specificity has been developed to detect the pr...
Sequenicing cOronavirus and Variability Analysis (SCoVA) Study Group. The authors also thank all of the staff of the Microbiology and Virology Laboratory of ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda for their outstanding technical support in processing swab samples and performing laboratory analyses and data management.Disclaimer. The funding source had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.Financial support.
The role of the human beta-defensin 1 (hBD-1) in the susceptibility to the onset of the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) lesion, in the presence or not of HPV infection, is still unknown. In the current study, the three functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) -52G > A, -44C > G, and -20G > A at the 5' un-translated region (UTR) of DEFB1 gene, encoding hBD-1, were analyzed in ASCUS lesion gynecological patients and healthy women from the north-east of Italy (Trieste). Cervical samples from 249 European-Caucasian women were collected, screened for HPV and cytologically evaluated; DEFB1 genotyping has been performed by direct sequencing. No significant differences were found for -52G > A, -44C > G, and -20G > A SNPs allele and genotype frequencies between women with and without ASCUS lesions. DEFB1 minor haplotypes were significantly more frequent in ASCUS lesion positive than negative women, associating with an increased risk of this type of lesion. When women were stratified according to HPV infection status, significant differences in the distribution of -52G > A SNP genotype frequencies were found: the presence of the A allele in the homozygous genotype A/A associated with a lower risk of developing ASCUS lesions in HPV negative women. DEFB1 minor haplotypes were also associated with an increased risk of developing ASCUS lesions, being significantly more frequent in HPV negative women with lesions, than without lesions. Although these results highlight the possible involvement of DEFB1, further studies are needed to support the role of DEFB1 in the modulation of the susceptibility to ASCUS lesions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.