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The carbonate -platform-complex

The teaching of geology as a separate discipline in secondary school curricula has been progressively reduced during the last 20 years in European countries. In the case of Greece and Spain, National Education laws have set geology as a supplementary matter of biology, geography and environmental sciences. However, geology and Earth sciences are not subsidiary items of these "natural science" disciplines. This secondary role assigned to geology is creating serious concern among geologist community due to the substantial drop of geology contents in Secondary school curricula, which will presumably produce a consequent drop of geology students in universities and the lack of geologists in the society. A proposal is made for using geological heritage as an educational tool and incorporating it to textbooks. This means using relevant points of geological and palaeontological heritage, as well as erosional features and fossil sites and relevant remains to illustrate natural processes and the History of Earth. This might provide a valuable instrument to create social and political concern for both Earth sciences and geological heritage, as well as to raise interest and enthusiasm in Secondary school students for the knowledge of Earth.

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final emplacement of the ophiolite during Valanginian time. The early stages of obduction caused sub-aerial exposure of the platform, recorded by an unconformity of Callovian age, which is marked by laterites overlying folded and faulted, karstic substrates. The laterites have distinct ophiolitic geochemical-signatures, indicating that emergent ophiolite had been undergoing lateritic weathering. This unconformity coincides with widespread western-Tethyan, Callovian gaps, indicating that the obduction in the Hellenides was probably related to far-reaching plate-tectonic processes. Resumed gravitational pull and rollback of the subducted, oceanic leading edge of the Pelagonian plate presumably initiated the early Oxfordian transgression of shallow marine carbonates and the inundation of the temporarily exposed ophiolite. Platform drowning continued into Tithonian-Valanginian time, documented initially by reefal carbonates and then by below-CCD, carbonate-free radiolarian cherts and shales. Subsequently, siliciclastic turbidites, which apparently originated from uplifted Variscan basement, were deposited together with and over the radiolarite as the ophiolite nappe-sheet advanced. The nappe substrate underwent tectonic deformations of varying intensity while, polymictic mélange and syn-tectonic sedimentary debris accreted beneath the ophiolite and at the nappe-front. The provenience of the ophiolite-nappecomplexes of northern Evvoia most probably has to be looked for in the Vardar ocean. Unfortunately, the part of the details in the abstract had been erroneously omitted in the original publication. The correct abstract is given below:Abstract The obduction of an ophiolite sheet onto the eastern Pelagonian carbonate-platform-complex of the Hellenides began during the late Bathonian and ended with theThe online version of the original article can be found under