No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Sea buckthorn (SBT) fruit is rich in biologically active compounds. It has considerable health benefits, thus it can serve as functional food ingredient. The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterize the fruit quality traits of three SBT cultivars ('Leikora', 'Askola', 'Orangeveja') grown in Hungary by determining their physicochemical (refraction, titratable acid content, sugar/acid ratio, carbohydrate profile) and antioxidant parameters (by spectrophotometric methods: FRAP, DPPH, and by HPLC method: β-carotene content, phenolic compounds). The statistical analysis was made by SPSS 14.0. Univariate analyses were made to separate the homogenous groups using the Duncan test. Significant differences were shown in the refraction of the cultivars (5.6-7.9 °Brix) and in their titratable acid content (2.35-3.07%), but no statistically significant difference has been found in the sugar/acid ratio (2.41-2.57). Glucose (9.56-12.9 mg L-1) was the main carbohydrate component of the studied cultivars. In addition to that, we detected fructose (1.39-5.4 mg L-1) and mannitol (1.77-9.24 mg L-1). The antioxidant state of the studied cultivars could be well-characterized by their TPC (186-381 mg GAS 100 g-1), DPPH (60.37-79.1 µg Trolox L-1), FRAP (3335-4887 µg AA mL-1) and by their β-carotene content (0.37-0.92 mg mL-1); however no significant correlation was found among these antioxidant parameters. We determined the content of quercetin derivatives in the fruits of the SBT genotypes, such as the rutin (22.12-27.52 mg 100 g-1), quercitrin glucoside (50.19-57.72 mg 100 g-1), quercetin dihydrate (5.11-6.45 mg 100 g-1), quercitrin hydrate (1.59-3.34 mg 100 g-1) content, cinnamic acid (78.18-88.93 µg 100 g-1) and epicatechin (456.73-488.05 mg 100 g-1). We concluded that the antioxidant properties are defined by both the genotype and by the climatic and growing conditions. The fruits of the cultivars 'Leikora' and 'Orangeveja' can be used as raw material of functional food products, according to their fruit quality traits.

Additional index words. Malus 3domestica, Venturia inaequalis, Erwinia amylovora, Podosphaera leucotricha, fruit quality, S-genotype 'Artemisz', 'Cordelia', 'Hesztia', and 'Rosmerta' are the first four Malus 3domestica (Borkh.) cultivars developed in the apple breeding program of the Corvinus University of Budapest and their registration was accepted by the state in 2011 and 2012. They are mid-early to late-ripening cultivars with the following ripening dates: from the fourth week of August to the first week of September ('Hesztia'), the second week of September ('Artemisz'), the third week of September ('Rosmerta'), and the first 10 d of October ('Cordelia') in the growing region between the rivers Danube and Tisza, the central part of Hungary. All four cultivars are resistant to apple scab and also have good resistance to the apple powdery mildew. Their shoots have resistance or moderate resistance to fire blight. The flowers of 'Hesztia' exhibited moderate resistance to fire blight. The medium to large fruits (averaging 147 g in weight) of 'Artemisz' can be used for both fresh consumption and making into apple chips. 'Cordelia' has very large fruit, averaging 269 g, with great flesh firmness (8.3 kg • cm-2 on average) and high pectin concentration (0.87%). This cultivar has good storage ability. It is recommended to be used for fresh consumption; however, it can be used for processing purposes based on its physical and chemical properties, e.g., for processing into concentrates, applesauce, and apple chips.