The vessel inside and coil outside film heat transfer coefficients of water and dilute aqueous polymer solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) and sodium alginate (SA) have been studied in a turbine-agitated vessel for standard and nonstandard vessel configurations with agitator diameter, depth of agitation, helix diameter, and coiled tube outside diameter as parameters. The jacket-and coil-side heat transfer results are correlated.
A modified form of the Redlich-Kwong equation is used to obtain an approximate representation of the volumetric properties of gaseous water. Upon splitting the attraction constant a into a temperatureindependent dispersion-force term and a temperature-dependent dipole term, physically reasonable mixing rules are proposed for mixtures of water and nonpolar gases. Special attention is given to mixtures of water with carbon dioxide. The equation of state presented here does not yield high accuracy but provides good estimates of vapor-phase densities of aqueous gas mixtures as required for engineering design in the region 25-700°C and pressures up to 1500 bars.
Experimental and estimated PVT data for simple fluids at very high pressures have been correlated with corresponding states theory. Generalized tables and charts are given for density, enthalpy, fugacity, and internal energy for the reduced temperature range 1 to 50 and for reduced pressures to 2000. Consideration is given to possible solidification at very high pressures and to applicability of the reduced charts to quantum fluids, water and ammonia, through temperature‐dependent effective critical constants. The van der Waals two‐fluid model of binary mixtures is used to calculated properties of mixtures including the composition of coexisting phases. The correlations presented here are useful for estimating thermodynamic properties at very high pressures.
Densities of carbon disulfide, benzene, and cyclohexane were measured in the region 23-65 °C at pressures to 1 kbar. The data were used to calculate internal pressures and these were compared with solubility parameters obtained from liquid molar volumes at saturation and isothermal energies of vaporization to the ideal-gas state. Along the saturation line, the square root of the internal pressure is somewhat larger than the solubility parameter (square root of cohesive energy density). For benzene and cyclohexane the internal pressure decreases with temperature while the reverse holds true for carbon disulfide. As the external pressure rises, the internal pressures Supplementary Material Available: Tables containing all experimental volumetric data (6 pages). Ordering
Experimental results are reported for the solubility of methanol in compressed nitrogen, methane, ethane and carbon dioxide in the region −45° to +10°C and 17 to 62 bars.
New and previously published experimental data are used to obtain (or estimate) second virial coefficients for all binary pairs in mixtures containing hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, propane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and methanol. These coefficients, combined with experimental data for the vapor pressure of methanol and with Henry's constants, partial molar volumes and Margules coefficients for dissolved gases in methanol, yield a correlation for calculating solvent losses as a function of temperature, pressure and gas composition. For a large‐scale natural‐gas absorption process, these losses may represent a significant economic factor in plant design.
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