The imaging of a point source by high numerical aperture holograms was studied theoretically and experimentally in the presence of aberrations caused by inaccurate adjustment of the plane reference and plane reconstructing waves or by inaccurate positioning of the hologram. The accuracy requirement is defined by the angular resolution allowed by an aperture equal to the hologram size. Any deviation from this limit leads to deformation of the point transfer function defined by the unavoidable diffraction. For coarse mismatch (>10(-3) rad for the actual case), clearly demonstrable geometrical-type aberrations occur; for smaller angles, appreciable broadening of the diffraction pattern and rapid fall of the Strehl ratio diminish the applicability of the holographic method. The calculations and the photographic and photometric measurements are in good agreement.

Abstract. We present an accurate and efficient numerical discretization approach for the calculation of the electronic eigenstates of the H + 2 molecule, and the transition dipole moments between them. The obtained high precision wave functions and dipole moments are planned to be used during the direct numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) for the H + 2 molecule irradiated with ultrashort laser pulses.

Nonadiabatic nano-optical electron tunneling in the transition region between multiphoton-induced emission and adiabatic tunnel emission is explored in the near-field of plasmonic nanostructures. For Keldysh γ values between ∼1.3 and ∼2.2, measured photoemission spectra show strong-field recollision driven by the nanoscale near-field. At the same time, the photoemission yield shows an intensity scaling with a constant nonlinearity, which is characteristic for multiphoton-induced emission. Our observations in this transition region were well reproduced with the numerical solution of Schrödinger’s equation, mimicking the nanoscale geometry of the field. This way, we determined the boundaries and nature of nonadiabatic tunneling photoemission, building on a key advantage of a nanoplasmonic system, namely, that high-field-driven recollision events and their signature in the photoemission spectrum can be observed more efficiently due to significant nanoplasmonic field enhancement factors.

A 6-dimensional grand unified theory with the compact space having the topology of a real projective plane, i.e., a 2-sphere with opposite points identified, is considered. The space is locally flat except for two conical singularities where the curvature is concentrated. One supersymmetry is preserved in the effective 4d theory. The unified gauge symmetry, for example SU(5) , is broken only by the non-trivial global topology. In contrast to the Hosotani mechanism, no adjoint Wilson-line modulus associated with this breaking appears. Since, locally, SU(5) remains a good symmetry everywhere, no UV-sensitive threshold corrections arise and SU(5)-violating local operators are forbidden. Doublettriplet splitting can be addressed in the context of a 6d N = 2 super Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(6). If this symmetry is first broken to SU(5) at a fixed point and then further reduced to the standard model group in the above non-local way, the two light Higgs doublets of the MSSM are predicted by the group-theoretical and geometrical structure of the model.

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