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Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) as a new drilling fluid had developed rapidly from the end of last century. The use of SC-CO 2 drilling can not only obtain the low threshold pressure, high rate of penetration, and excellent hole cleaning capabilities, but also enhance oil recovery and protect reservoir effectively in the low-permeability reservoir. Thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of SC-CO 2 were studied. Meanwhile, the present situation, advantages, and development direction of SC-CO 2 drilling technology were analyzed. The results indicated that SC-CO 2 drilling will bring an innovation in the drilling technology.

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