Let X be a compact Abelian group. In the article we obtain a characterization of shifts of Haar distributions on compact open subgroups of the group X by the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form of independent random variables taking values in X given another. Coefficients of the linear forms are topological automorphisms of the group X. This result can be viewed as an analogue for compact Abelian groups of the well-known Heyde theorem, where the Gaussian distribution on the real line is characterized by the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form of independent random variables given another.

No abstract

We consider a certain convolution semigroup Θ of probability distributions on the group R×Z(2), where R is the group of real numbers and Z(2) is the additive group of the integers modulo 2. This semigroup appeared in connection with the study of a characterization problem of mathematical statistics on aadic solenoids containing an element of order 2. We answer the questions that arise in the study of arithmetic of the semigroup Θ. Namely, we describe the class of infinitely divisible distributions, the class of indecomposable distributions, and the class of distributions which have no indecomposable factors.

It is well known that the independence of two linear forms with nonzero coefficients of independent random variables implies that the random variables are Gaussian (the Skitovich-Darmois theorem). The analogous result holds true for two linear forms of independent random vectors with nonsingular matrices as coefficients (the Ghurye-Olkin theorem). In this paper we give the complete description of locally compact Abelian groups X for which the independence of two linear forms of independent random variables with values in X having distributions with nonvanishing characteristic functions (coefficients of the forms are topological automorphisms of X) implies that the random variables are Gaussian.

The well-known Skitovich-Darmois theorem asserts that a Gaussian distribution is characterized by the independence of two linear forms of independent random variables. The similar result was proved by Heyde, where instead of the independence, the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form given another was considered. In this article we prove that the Heyde theorem on a locally compact Abelian group X remains true if and only if X contains no elements of order two. We describe also all distributions on the two-dimensional torus X = T 2 which are characterized by the symmetry of the conditional distribution of one linear form given another. In so doing we assume that the coefficients of the forms are topological automorphisms of X and the characteristic functions of the considering random variables do not vanish.