ABSTRACT:The sorption behavior of Th(IV) and U(VI) species on two batch molds of radiation-induced polymerized unsaturated polyester beads containing 40 wt % styrene was investigated. The distribution coefficients of both ions on the polymeric sorbents were evaluated at 30°C using 10 Ϫ4M solution and found to be 271.9 and 469.8 mL/g on the first mold and 296 and 1189.2 mL/g on the second mold for Th(VI) and U(IV), respectively. Testing the sorption data using different theories provided evidence that the sorption data accurately fit the Langmuir, Freundlich, and D-R isotherms, indicating chemisorption occurred and that E, the mean sorption energy of thorium and uranium on the different molds of unsaturated polyester-styrene, was between 8.304 and 13.92 kJ/mol, reflecting the nature of the ion exchange. The thermodynamics of sorption were considered in order to evaluate ⌬H, ⌬S, and ⌬G. The data showed that the sorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.

Diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood glucose levels over a prolonged period. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. The present study was aimed to investigate in vivo, effects of treatment with epicatechin and/or gallic acid efficacy on glycemic state, serum insulin, C-peptide levels, lipid profile and heart function in NA/STZ-induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into five groups that are normal control, diabetic control, diabetic group treated with epicatechin, diabetic group treated with gallic acid and diabetic group treated with the mixture of epicatechin and gallic acid. The study suggested that treatment of diabetic rats with epicatechin and/or gallic acid markedly improved the impaired oral glucose tolerance, serum insulin level, mRNA expression of GLUT4, insulin resistin, and serum lipid profile and serum enzyme activities related to heart function. Also, the treatment of diabetic group epicatechin and gallic acid together was the most effective in improving the previous indicies.

Superfast kinetics of Nd þ3 , Eu þ3 , and Gd þ3 ions were studied on the surfaces of N, N, N \ , N \ -tetramethylmalonamide (TMMA) and silsesquioxane resins. TMMA and SSQXN-8 were prepared by suspension polymerization and sol-gel routes, respectively. They were identified using elemental analysis, FTIR, H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, MIP, and BET surface area. Kinetic investigations were performed in batch conditions and different models were used to fit the data; Boyd and Helfferich models were found the best. The diffusion of the ions through the resins were very fast and found to be in the order of 10 À16 m 2 /S. Effective diffusions of the studied ions were found to be 10 À15 order of magnitude and directly proportional to the kinetic energy of the transition state. DS* values from À166.044 to À179.297 J mol À1 K À1 were estimated as entropy stability factors of the system.

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