Highlights Lymphangioma is considered an abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels. Preoperative diagnosis of isolated splenic lymphangioma is very difficult because it is rare and often asymptomatic. Undiagnosed microcystic splenic lymphangioma represents a risk factor for post-traumatic splenic rupture, even after minor abdominal trauma. Total splenectomy is considered the correct treatment to avoid complications. Definitive diagnosis of isolated splenic lymphangioma can be provided after a histopathological examination.

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