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17This work develops a method of multi-scale input-output analysis for the embodied 18 water accounting of an economy. This method can distinguish between the different 19 virtual water contents of imported and local products and is therefore capable of 20 accurately estimating the virtual water that is embodied in trade. As a simplified 21 model rather than a multi-regional input-output analysis, this method substantially identified and analyzed. Only 15% of the total water resources embodied in Beijing's 27 local final demand were from local water withdrawal; 85% were from domestically 28 and internationally imported products. The virtual water import is revealed to play a 29 more important role than physical water transfer in easing Beijing's water shortage. 30Since the average water use efficiency of the Beijing economy is much higher than 31 that of the Chinese economy but somewhat lower that of the rest of the world, Beijing 32 is suggested to shifting its imports to foreign countries to optimize global water use. 33The method developed can be useful for water saving strategies for multiple 34 responsible entities holding different opinions, and it can be easily applied to the 35 embodied water accounting of a sub-national or even smaller economic community. 36 37 Keywords 38Multi-scale input-output analysis; Consumption-based water resources; Water 39 resources embodied in trade; Virtual water strategy 40 41

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