Nephropathy is an important and a frequent complication of long-term type II diabetic nephropathy. Strong evidence exists that genetic predisposition plays a major role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Recent studies have implicated association between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and nephropathy. The deletion gene polymorphism of ACE gene has been shown to be associated with increased activity of this enzyme. This study examines the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with type II diabetes without nephropathy in 30 patients and type II diabetes with nephropathy in 30 patients. The results of the study suggest the association between the DD polymorphism and type II diabetes with nephropathy.

A middle-aged male presented with abdominal pain and ascites following a fall in alcoholic intoxicated state. Evaluation revealed microscopic hematuria and severe renal failure. Ascitic fluid analysis showed high urea and creatinine values suggesting it to be a urinary ascites. Retrograde cystography confirmed intraperitoneal bladder rupture. Following continuous bladder drainage ascites subsided and serum creatinine has reduced to 3 mg/dL. This case report highlights the importance of ascitic fluid analysis as a pointer to diagnose urinary ascites secondary to intraperitoneal bladder rupture.

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In the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus or related autoimmune disorders, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is termed secondary APS. Pregnancy-related renal failure due to SAPS is rarely reported in the literature. We present the case of a young primgravida woman with bilateral renal cortical necrosis due to secondary APS in late pregnancy.