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An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the gca effect of parents (six lines and five testers) and sca effect of 30 hybrids for yield and its traits. Estimates of gca and sca variances, degree of dominance, predictability ratio and narrow sense heritability revealed that only three trais viz., pods per plant, seeds per pod and single plant yield were controlled by additive gene action and hence showed high narrow sense heritability. Magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the additive gene action for traits like plant height, days to 50% flowering, cluster per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, branches per plant and pod length. Three parents ‘MDU1, ADT3 and LBG-752 were the best combiners and three crosses ‘MDU1 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x Mash-114 showed high per se performance and significant positive sca for yield. For exploiting both additive and non-additive gene action recurrent selection to be followed to improve yield in blackgram.

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SUMMARY :The estimate of PCV was always higher than the GCV for all the observed traits. High GCV was observed for branches per plant (40.38), single plant yield (23.68) and clusters per plant (22.38). Likewise high PCV was recorded for branches per plant (83.83), single plant yield (50.80) and pods per plant (50.59). The high heritability estimate was observed for none of the traits while moderate heritability was recorded for 100 seed weight (32%) alone. Likewise, the estimated GA as % of mean was higher for branches per plant (40.07%), clusters per plant (26.98%) and single plant yield (22.74%). Association analysis revealed that the single plant yield exhibited direct positive and significant simple phenotypic correlation and higher direct association with pods per plant, branches per plant and seeds per pod. Single plant yield was increased with relative increases in these traits hence, emphasis had to be given on these traits in selection of genotypes for higher yield in blackgram.