The role and importance is growing fast in the world for international trade, technology transfer, interstate financial cooperation, cooperative and integration, interdisciplinary, regional and international cooperation, including the one in agriculture and food security fields. At the same time, the cases of food insecurity due to situation changes in foreign markets for agricultural raw materials and prepared food are becoming frequent. Access to food becomes a lever of foreign policy influence, and the weight of food expenditures in the structure of consumer spending takes a decisive role in ensuring food security. In this regard, the problem of hunger and malnutrition is still relevant in many regions due lack or deficiency of population income. The paper presents a comprehensive research of modern aspects for ensuring food security at global and national levels, including the current state of agricultural production and its development prospects, international assessment of food security level in countries and regions of the world, global trends in world agricultural trade of raw materials and prepared food, assessment of physical and economic affordability of foodstuff, nutrition level, welfare and public health. The results of assessing the environmental sustainability of agricultural production are presented. The level of public awareness in the field of food security is analyzed. It was determined that in general, there are prospects for Belarus for more efficient food security gaining due to qualitative parameters, for instance, increasing efficiency of resource potential, growth of consumer purchasing power, expansion of domestic market by increasing the proportion of safe functional nutrition for specific population categories according to occupation, age, health status, etc.

Food security largely determines stability of the entire economic system. Belarus is one of the states with self-sufficient production of food resources, and has also arranged a significant export potential in agri-food sector of economy. Experts from various international organizations, as well as thematic divisions of media companies, analyze the global food situation, including the one in Belarus. In this regard, third parties’ views on the Belarusian model of food security, its position in global rating, identification of strengths and weaknesses, comparison with the most successful states are of particular interest, which determined the study relevance. The article presents systematic analysis of the main international food safety ratings. A range of international assessments of efficiency of ensuring food security in the Republic of Belarus, as well as its structural elements are analyzed. Results and findings of foreign experts are compared with own techniques and methodological approaches to assessing the national food security of the Republic of Belarus. It has been determined that the Republic of Belarus was in the 36th place in the world or 20th place in the European region according to the GFSI index. At the same time, over the past two years, the country’s global position has increased by 12 points due to a significant improvement in terms of physical availability of food, as well as high indicators previously achieved in terms of economic accessibility, quality and safety of agricultural raw materials and finished foodstuffs. It has been noted that approaches to ensuring food security of the Republic of Belarus were highly appreciated by foreign experts. Use of the proposed results and proposals in practice will determine the prospects for increasing efficiency of ensuring the country’s food security, in particular, via improvement of economic and physical accessibility, as well as achieving the goal of the Doctrine of National Food Security of the Republic of Belarus until 2030. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out as part of the state program of scientific research “Quality and Efficiency of Agroindustrial Production” for 2016-2020, subprogram 1 “AIC Economy”, as well as in accordance with the provisions, criteria and parameters of the Doctrine of National Food Security of the Republic of Belarus until 2030, approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated December 15, 2017 No. 962.

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СИСТЕМА МЕР ПО РАЗВИТИЮ РЫНКА СЕМЯН ОВОЩНЫХ КУЛЬТУР В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БЕЛАРУСЬАннотация. Оригинальные и элитные семена сельскохозяйственных растений являются основой произ вод ства репродукционных семян и способствуют увеличению объемов производства овощной продукции, обес печению сырьем перерабатывающих организаций республики. Отечественные сорта и гибриды овощных культур имеют высокий потенциал, обладают комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков и могут занять определенную нишу в профессиональном и особенно в любительском овощеводстве. Вместе с тем реализация потенциала созданных сортов и гибридов овощных культур во многом определяется условиями семеноводства. В стране сложилась ситуация, при которой свыше 85 % семян овощных культур, используемых для производства овощей, завозится по импорту. При этом производство необходимых объемов семян, которое обеспечит нормативный выпуск овощной продукции для потребления населением и обрабатывающей промышленностью, выступает не только фактором развития овощного рынка, но и условием содействия гарантированию продовольственной безопасности страны. В связи с этим требуется активизация отечественной селекции и семеноводства в овощеводческой сфере. В статье обоснована практико-ориентированная система мер по развитию рынка семян овощных культур в Республике Беларусь, включающая следующие блоки регулятивного воздействия: стимулирование развития сферы размножения семян овощных культур; совершенствование учета движения товарных потоков на рынке семян овощных культур; интеграция страны в мировую систему товарного семеноводства овощных культур; обеспечение прослеживаемости оборота семян на основе цифро визации; развитие комплексного технико-экономического подхода осуществления производственной деятельности; про ве дение мониторинга рынка семян овощных культур. Разработка содержит совокупность систематизированных инструментов, применение которых позволяет обосновывать действенные управленческие решения в сфере АПК для эффективного формирования благоприятной организационноэкономической среды производства и сбыта конкурентоспособных семян овощных культур отечественной селекции.