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МАСЛИЧНЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ. Научно-технический бюллетень Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института масличных культур. Вып. 3 (175), 2018 __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

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It is necessary to evaluate the variety samples of the crop to obtain the parental material of menthol mints, which will have a high content of essential oil, and be less affected by various diseases. We evaluated the variety samples of mint for disease resistance at the Voznesenskaya branch of V.S. Pustovoit of All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. In the conditions of the branch in the piedmont area of the Western Ciscaucasia, there were identified diseases such as powdery mildew, rust, anthracnose and Fusarium blight. The studied variety samples were characterized by varying degrees of resistance to these diseases. The most harmful disease for mint is rust, the pathogens of which are the Puccinia menthae Pers. and P. angustata Peck. We identified the parental material for development a variety of peppermint Rozovskaya Aroma by analyzing the variety samples of menthol mint for three years of vegetation. Also, we developed and applied the modified scale for evaluation of resistance to the main diseases for the menthol forms of mint.

The high-protein soybean cultivar Greya was developed by individual selection from the hybrid population F4 Vilana × Valenta based on a lipid-degrading model of protein accumulation in seeds. According to the results of preliminary and competitive variety testing, the productivity of the high-protein soybean cultivar Greya varied from 1.75 to 2.93 t/ha. The average yield of the new cultivar over four years of variety testing was 2.23 t/ha, which, on average, was 0.71 t/ha higher than the high-protein standard cultivar of the lipid-degrading biotype, and did not significantly differ (-0.09 t/ha) from the high-yielding medium-protein standard cultivar. The height of plants varies from 82 to 98 cm. Under the optimal plant density, the lower pods are located at the height of 15–17 cm from the soil surface. The pubescence is gray. The color of the beans is light brown. The color of the corolla is violet. The seed coat is yellow. The plants of the new cultivar are resistant to lodging and bean shattering. Under optimal cultivation conditions and the presence of mineral or bacterial nitrogen in the soil, up to 46.3 % of protein is accumulated in the seeds of the cultivar Greya. The oil content in the seeds of the cultivar Greya is lower than that of the medium-protein standard, by an average of 2.1 %, which is typical for high-protein cultivars of the lipiddegrading biotype. The growth season of the new cultivar at the latitude of Krasnodar (45°), depending on the meteorological conditions of the year, varied from 108 to 117 days, and on average, for the period of 2017–2020 it was 112 days. Therefore, it can be cultivated as the main crop in soybean-producing farms in the North Caucasus, Lower Volga and Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation.