Polyacrylic acid (PAA) and its derivatives are commonly used as essential matrices in wound dressings, but their weak wet adhesion restricts the clinical application. To address this issue, a PAA‐based coacervate hydrogel with strong wet adhesion capability is fabricated through a facile mixture of PAA copolymers with isoprenyl oxy poly(ethylene glycol) ether and tannic acid (TA). The poly(ethylene glycol) segments on PAA prevent the electrostatic repulsion among the ionized carboxyl groups and absorbed TA to form coacervates. The absorbed TA provides solid adhesion to dry and wet substrates via multifarious interactions, which endows the coacervate with an adhesive strength to skin of 23.4 kPa and 70% adhesion underwater. This coacervate achieves desirable self‐healing and extensible properties suitable for frequently moving joints. These investigations prove that the coacervate has strong antibacterial activity, facilitates fibroblast migration, and modulates M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. In vivo hemorrhage experiments further confirm that the coacervate dramatically shortens the hemostatic time from hundreds to tens of seconds. In addition, full‐thickness skin defect experiments demonstrate that the coacervate achieves the best therapeutic effect by significantly promoting collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and epithelialization. These results demonstrate that a PAA‐based coacervate hydrogel is a promising wound dressing for medical translation.
The effects of spheroidizing annealing process on SWRH72B heavily cold drawn pearlite steel wires were studied and the mechanisms of low-temperature spheroidizing annealing were discussed. The results show that, with increasing drawing strain, the spheroidizing annealing temperature and time decreased and uniformity of the spheroidizing increased; the mechanism of low-temperature spheroidizing annealing was different from the traditional one of heavily cold drawn pearlite steel wires. When the true strains were between 2.85 and 5.1, the spheroidizing process of carbide could be divided into two stages: partial dissolution of lamellar carbide, and the precipitation and accumulation of compulsory dissolved cementite. When the true strains were larger than 5.1, the spheroidizing process of carbide was only characterized by precipitation and accumulation of compulsory dissolved cementite.
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