The effects of gamma processing (1 kGy) and refrigerated storage (2°C) on microbiological, sensory, and chemical quality ofpico de gull0 was studied. Color, flavor, texture, odor, and heat sensory attributes were not affected by radiation treatment. The treatment decreased populations of aerobic mesophilic, heterofermentative, and total lactic microflora during storage. L-ascorbic acid content declined 50% in response to gamma processing, but levels were similar in irradiated and nonirradiated samples after 6 wk. Pectin solubility was affected by radiation treatment. Gamma processing caused a reduction in pectin degree of esterification, and conversion of chelator soluble to dilute alkali soluble and nonextractable pectins.

Effects of a potassium permangenate gas absorbent and storage at 2°C on quality changes in modified atmosphere packaged diced onions was studied. A 3 mil packaging film resulted in equiIibrated Oa of 2.65% and CO2 level of 3.65%. Gas absorbent resulted in reduced ethylene, carbon dioxide and sulfur volatiles. Maximum shear force values and total phenolics increased during storage, but were not affected by gas absorbent. Glucose and fructose concentrations declined within one day after processing, which coincided with an increase in sucrose. Sugar concentrations remained stable thereafter, and were not affected by gas absorbent. Microbe colony forming units (CFU) increased during storage to 5.8 in controls and 7.1 (log CFU/g) in absorbent treated samples after 10 days at 2°C.

Purpose This study aims to examine how gender variation in trans identities shape exposure to bias and discrimination. The authors then examine how trans identities intersect with race/ethnicity, education and social class to shape exposure risk to bias, discrimination and harassment in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach The authors use data from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey with 24,391 trans-identified respondents. To account for the nested nature of trans people in state contexts, the authors use two-level logistic multilevel models. The authors are guided by Puwar’s bodies out of place as the theoretical grounding for this study. Findings The authors find significant differences in how trans women and men experience discrimination. The authors also find differences in race, education and social class. Finally, the presence of anti-discrimination policies presents mixed results. Originality/value The authors’ analysis reveals important differences in trans workers’ exposure to discrimination based on gender identity, social class, race/ethnicity and policy context, and draws upon a rich and large data set.

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The authors investigate the association between self-reported experiences of discrimination and social media use among Black American adults. Experiences of discrimination were assessed using a 10-question scale of self-reported discrimination encounters. Data analysis was based on a sample of 220 Black American adult respondents residing in Texas. The results indicate that Black Americans reporting higher levels of discrimination use social media more frequently than those who report lower levels of discrimination. In addition, Black Americans who experience higher levels of discrimination are more likely to have accounts on Twitter or Facebook than those who experience lower levels of discrimination. Together, these findings suggest that social media sites such as Twitter serve as sites of expression for people of color to air their grievances, find community, and cope with online and offline forms of racism and discrimination.