This paper presents a new algorithm for estimation of the instantaneous value and the maximum value of the tyre-road friction coefficient (the adhesion coefficient) depending on the quality of the road surface. The algorithm applies the discrete-time extended Kalman filter for state estimation. The underlying discrete-time non-linear state-space model was based on a two-wheel longitudinal vehicle dynamics model extended to include the scale factor parameter of the 'magic formula' for the longitudinal tyre force introduced by Pacejka. To verify the Kalman-filter-based algorithm, a validated real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation environment was utilized, and the results were in agreement with the expectations.

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Accurate modeling of PMSM needs considering the special geometry and nonlinear magnetic characteristics of machine parts. In this paper an analysis of a slotless surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented including mathematical modeling and measurement results. To extend the electrical model with the rotor position dependent effect of saturation, the stator flux-current function was expanded to a second order Taylor polynomial form and the position dependency of coefficients was determined based on measurement and simulation results. The paper includes the mathematical techniques to expand the vector valued and multivariable flux-current function and transform the nonlinear second order part between stator and rotor oriented forms.

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<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">In this work the input and output capacitors of a digitally controlled Buck converter have been tested in 4 different cases with unused and worn out capacitors. The information extracted from interactions between the subsystems of an electric energy conversion system requires the implementation of the whole system from network to load. A complex simulation environment has been implemented where digital and analogue domains can be connected. The input and output capacitor aging have a significant influence on time domain characteristics, but the evaluation of frequency-domain data is supposed to be required to extract information from the noisy and distorted time-domain signal. The presented diagnostic approach aims to analyze signals that are used by the control loop in order to avoid expensive additions to existing circuits.</span></p>