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Transport is undoubtedly an extremely important sector in Europe. Accounting for 10% of GDP, as well as 10 million workers, it is also a major source of pollution and noise emissions. The adverse effects of transport are amplified by congestion, resulting in traffic jams, aggravation for motorists and even more pollution. A number of different measures have been devised to address this problem, and to spare populated city centers from heavy traffic loads, while also promoting the "polluter pays principle". One of these measures is congestion charging, already implemented in several cities across Europe and worldwide, and may soon be introduced in Budapest. The purpose of this paper is to find a common ground for the schemes introduced in London and Stockholm, comparing them to the possible scheme in Budapest.Keywords congestion charging · area access fee · demand management Acknowledgement This work is connected to the scientific program of the " Development of quality-oriented and harmonized R+D+I strategy and functional model at BME" project. This project is supported by the New Széchenyi

Due to the increasing energy demand and mobility of the human population and in order to pursue sustainable development and decrease fossil fuel dependency there is a major need to use alternative energy sources. Nowadays the 20-20-20 policy is under revision. It has become clear that the transport sector on the EU level will not be able to meet the goal of 20% usage of renewable energy sources by 2020. Our paper investigates the possibilities of Hungary for reaching 10% of renewable energy sources in transport sector. Our research indicates that blending bioethanol and biodiesel with conventional fuels is not sufficient not provide an effective and alternative way to fulfill 10% part of transport-related energy demand. Further efforts are needed that can only be done by deep analysis of the current situation and active participation in policymaking as an additional tool of reaching the target: changing our social behaviour. Furthermore, our investigation shows that this general problem can occur not only in Hungary but in those European countries that targeted the 10% renewable energy share in their transport sector.

With the omnipresent influence of mankind around the world, controlling resource use and pollution are key factors in the progress toward sustainability in all sectors. These considerations appear in international and European policies, but there remains a need to make these policies suited to local conditions. This article aims to present a method of analysis for the transport sector that could prove useful for identifying the similarities and differences in the current state and historical development of transport systems in EU Member States.