Questions: Does succession of rewetted species‐poor fen grasslands display similar trends when different water levels, sites and regions are compared? Will restoration targets as peat growth and waterfowl diversity be reached? Location: Valley fen of the river Peene (NE‐Germany) and the Hanság fen (Lake Neusiedler See, NW‐Hungary). Methods: Analysis of permanent plot data and vegetation maps over a period of up to seven years of rewetting. The general relations between newly adjusted water levels and changes in dominance of helophytic key species during early succession are analysed considering four rewetting intensities (water level classes) and eight vegetation types (Phalaris arundinacea type, Carex type, Glyceria maxima type, Phragmites australis type, Typha type, aquatic vegetation type, open water type and miscellaneous type). Results: The initial period of balancing the site conditions and vegetation is characterised by specific vegetation types and related horizontal vegetation structures. Most vegetation types displayed similar trends within the same water level class when different sites and regions were compared. A significant spread of potentially peat forming vegetation with dominance of Carex spp. or Phragmites as desired goal of restoration was predominantly restricted to long‐term shallow inundated sites (water level median in winter: 0–30 cm above surface). Open water patches as bird habitats persisted mainly at permanent inundated sites (water level median in winter > 60 cm above surface). Conclusions: Site hydrology appeared as a main force of secondary succession. Thus the rewetting intensity and restoration targets have to be balanced adequately.

(1) Nyugat-magyarországi Egyetem, Erdőművelési és Erdővédelmi Intézet, H-9400 Sopron, Ady E. u. 5.; *kiraly.gergely@emk.nyme.hu (2) Fertő-Hanság Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság, H-9435 Sarród, Rév-Kócsagvár (3) Nyugat-magyarországi Egyetem, Környezet-és Földtudományi Intézet, H-9400 Sopron, Ady E. u. 5. Data to the flora and geobotany of Kisalföld (Lesser Plain) region, NW HungaryAbstract -Lesser Plain (Kisalföld) -divided among three countries (Austria, Hungary and Slovakia) -is the westernmost part of the lowland areas of the Pannonian Basin. Present paper provides a résumé of the authors' floristic work from the Hungarian part of the area, describing localities, habitats and regional phytogeography of 57 taxa altogether. The localities were listed according to the classification of small geographic regions. The most important results of the study are as follows:• We recorded 5 species new to the region (Brachypodium rupestre, Bromus ramosus, Hypericum dubium, Lathyrus sphaericus, Tordylium maximum); all of them can be considered as submontanemontane elements.• We reported several species new to a microregion within the Lesser Plain: montane species in the W-SW part of the Plain (Cirsium rivulare, Dryopteris dilatata, Equisetum telmateia), loess-connected species mainly on the Moson Plateau (Agropyron cristatum, Allium atroviolaceum, Euphorbia salicifolia, Viola ambigua); and occurrences of species on sandy soils near the Lake Fertő (Draba nemorosa, Stipa pennata).• We explained the known localities of several salt tolerant species (e.g. Carex divisa, Crypsis alopecuroides, Juncus maritimus, Limonium gmelinii, Suaeda pannonica) from the Lake Fertő and its surroundings.• We assessed the role of the forest management and nature conservational actions in the distribution of some important tree species (Acer tataricum, Betula pubescens, Fraxinus ornus, Quercus petraea, Salix pentandra).• We discussed the regional nature conservational status of several protected and/or threatened species (e.g. Allium carinatum, Allium suaveolens, Carex strigosa, Hottonia palustris, Potamogeton coloratus, Stellaria palustris) in the Lesser Plain. The activities of the authors in the surroundings of Győr were supported by monitoring results gained during the Hungarian Little Plain project (LIFE08 NAT/H/000289).Keywords: floristic studies, geobotany, nature conservation, salt tolerant species, steppe flora Összefoglaló -A Kisalföld flórája számos kistáj és növénycsoport tekintetében kifejezetten jól feltárt, de akadnak nagyon hiányosan ismert területei is, elsősorban a régió nyugati részén. A szerzők 2001-2014 közötti terepkutatásaik legfontosabb kisalföldi eredményeit adják közre a dolgozatban, amely 57 taxon adatait tartalmazza. A Kisalföld magyarországi oldalára új 5 faj (Brachypodium rupestre, Bromus ramosus, Hypericum dubium, Lathyrus sphaericus, Tordylium maximum) felfedezése. Számos faj egyes kistájakra nézve jelent újdonságot, a legtöbb ilyen adat azokról a kistájakról származik, amelyeket korábban alig vizsgáltak (Fertő-medence, Ka...

Orthoptera is a good indicator taxon of macroclimate changes. In our case study, we analyzed data of orthopterans, vegetation, and macroclimate collected yearly from 2002 through 2017 in Central European humid grasslands. During the study period, the annual mean temperature increased, while the relative abundance of moderately hygrophilic orthopteran species decreased significantly. On the other hand, the species richness and diversity of the assemblages increased due, mostly, to an increase of graminicole/thermophilic species. According to our results, the conservation of the hygrophilic orthopteran assemblages of Central European humid grasslands under global warming can only be ensured by adequate land management, which can at least mitigate the effects of climate change resulting in the warming and drying of humid habitats.

No abstract

A remarkable population of Carex extensa (Cyperaceae) was found south of Lake Fertő (Neusiedler See) in Hungary in 2012. This species typically occurs in coastal salt marshes in Europe and was hitherto unknown from the Pannonian Basin. The locality is situated in a territory which has been embanked in 1911. Keeping also in mind that the vegetation developed here from reed beds to saline habitats, we conclude that C. extensa reached the salt marshes of the area through long distance dispersal by water birds from the European coast in the last century. Nevertheless, several other maritime littoral species grow in the region, and the possibility that there is a hidden population of C. extensa at another site(s) nearby cannot be excluded. Lake Fertő is often described as the “westernmost steppe lake” and supports one of the richest European inland littoral floras. Although it appears likely that C. extensa has only recently colonised the site, we consider this discovery to be of significant biogeographical importance.