Above room temperature ferromagnetic behavior is achieved in Si through Mn ion implantation. Threehundred-keV Mn + ions were implanted to 0.1% and 0.8% peak atomic concentrations, yielding a saturation magnetization of 0.3 emu/ g at 300 K for the highest concentration as measured using a SQUID magnetometer. The saturation magnetization increased by ϳ2ϫ after annealing at 800°C for 5 min. The Curie temperature for all samples was found to be greater than 400 K. A significant difference in the temperature-dependent remnant magnetization between the implanted p-type and n-type Si is observed, giving strong evidence that a Si-based diluted magnetic semiconductor can be achieved.

Water readily adsorbs onto hydrophilic solid materials in humid environments and adsorbed water layers play a key role in interfacial properties such as adhesion, 1−5 wetting, 6 weathering, 7 mechanical strength, 8,9 and ion transport. 10 Water adsorbed on glass materials, for example, can induce corrosion of the glass surface, 11,12 affect the surface wear, 5,13−16 or influence the electrostatic charge transport phenomenon. 17,18 Fundamental understanding of water adsorption and desorption on multicomponent, low alkali containing glasses becomes specifically important for the flat panel display industry. These interfacial phenomena directly impact processing of flat panel displays due to the sensitivity of device fabrication steps to ambient humidity of manufacturing, storing, and transportation processes. However, the water adsorption isotherm behaviors on flat glass panels have not been sufficiently investigated due to the lack of experimental methods to measure the thickness and structure of adsorbed water layers on monolithic multicomponent glass surfaces in equilibrium with water vapor under ambient pressure. In the absence of adequate experimental data, researchers often rely on the water adsorption isotherm data measured for silicon oxide 19 to infer

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