This research analyzes competency-based management (CNM) in Brazilian electoral justice courts’ personnel management (PM). This qualitative study is based on the integrated multiple case study method using data collected from documents and interviews from six courts. It applies the thematic content analysis technique, resulting in five CBM and main PM-related practices in the courts studied. It contends that despite the norms and studies’ efforts to make CBM plausible in public organizations, its assimilation has been slow and fragmented. Thus, it evidences the need to expand research and actions in CBM evaluation programs in Public Administration that provide theoretical and practical recommendations for the strategic improvement of PM in the Judiciary System.