Análisis de estabilidad para el rendimiento de híbridos de maíz (Zea mays) en la Región Central del Litoral EcuatorianoAnalysis of the stability for yield in maize (Zea mays) Recibido 07 enero 2013; aceptado 10 junio 2013 ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la estabilidad de híbridos experimentales y comerciales de maíz en la Región Central del Litoral Ecuatoriano. Durante el periodo de diciembre de 2010 a abril de 2011 se evaluaron ensayos uniformes de rendimiento en cuatro localidades con ambientes contrastantes. El material genético estuvo constituido por cinco híbridos experimentales y tres comerciales. El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloques completo al azar con cuatro repeticiones, las parcelas experimentales consistieron en dos surcos de 5,0 m de largo, separados a 0,90 m. El análisis de varianza combinado propuesto por Eberhart y Russell, se encontró significancia estadística tanto como para genotipo e interacción. El rendimiento promedio mostró que entre los híbridos experimentales se destacaron el (SM45 x SSD08)SV39 y (SM45 x SV15)SV39 con promedios superiores a la 7,0 t ha -1 , mientras que el híbrido comercial que sobresalió fue el AG-003 con rendimiento de 7,48 t ha -1. Los mejores rendimientos y los mejores índices ambientales, se registraron para las localidades de Quevedo y Vinces, los índices ambientales más bajos fueron para Balzar y Ventanas. En relación a las tendencias de respuesta de genotipos sobresalientes en los cuatro ambientes de evaluación, particularmente se observó que los genotipos son deseables, en virtud de los resultados sobresalientes tanto en los ambientes favorables como en los desfavorables. Palabras clave: Genotipo, ambiente, estabilidad, rendimiento. AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the stability of commercial and experimental maize hybrids in the Central Ecuadorian Coastal Region. During a period from december 2010 to april 2011 uniform trials of yield in four locations with contrasting environments were evaluated. The genetic material was constituted by five experimental hybrids and three commercial. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks design with four replications; the experimental plots were two rows with a length of 5.0 m separated to 0.90 meters. The combined analysis of variance proposed by Eberhart and Russel was statistical significance as well as for genotype and for interaction. The average yield showed that between experimental hybrids two, (SM45 x SSD08)SV39 and (SM45 x SV15)SV39, were highlighted with averages higher than 7.0 t ha-1 whilst AG-003 was the highlighted commercial hybrid with a yield of 7.48 t ha-1. The best yields and environmental indexes were registered in the locations of Quevedo and Vinces, the lowest environmental indexes were for Balzar and Ventanas. In relation to the tendency of response of the outstanding genotypes in the four evaluation environments, it was particularly observed that genotypes are desirable by virtue of the outstanding results in both favorable and unfa...
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