A relação entre políticas sociais e governos progressistas na América Latina caracteriza o neoextrativismo. Com o golpe de 2016, uma só agricultura passa a ter espaço no Estado brasileiro – o monocultivo de larga escala para exportação. O agricultor camponês e familiar deixa de fazer parte do processo de construção de políticas públicas e, igualmente, não é mais atendido por elas. O extrativismo dos governos de direita demanda uma nova agenda de pesquisa. Como construir sentido da violência, do ódio aos povos do campo e apoio irrestrito ao agronegócio no governo Bolsonaro? A análise das relações Estado-sociedade evidência quais atores e interesses são beneficiados e quais são ‘deixados de fora’ ao restringir a participação política. Bolsonaro consolida um extrativismo sem limite: um ‘extrativismo total’ que ataca movimentos sociais do campo, extingue espaços institucionais, paralisa a reforma agrária e impossibilita a soberania alimentar.
Matopiba’s agricultural frontier has been at the centre of political and scientific debates since its establishment in 2015. However, the impact of agribusiness expansion and intensification on land distribution in the region has yet to be studied. How has the establishment of Matopiba affected commodity crop production and agrarian reform in the region? This article analyses historical trends in soybean and corn production, and recent developments across Matopiba microregions. These are then juxtaposed with data on agrarian reform at microregion level. The findings help to clarify the ways in which agricultural frontier expansion has been reliant on government support and reveal conflicting agricultural development at work in Matopiba. While commodity crop production has increased in Matopiba as expected, agrarian reform has halted. The few agrarian reform settlements that have been created are in areas with lower agricultural potential within the limits of Matopiba’s frontier.
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