ABSTRACT:Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to analyze the factors associated with self-reported hearing handicap by construction workers in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 866 construction and heavy construction workers. Participants responded to an epidemiological survey subdivided in: identification data, sociodemographic data; lifestyle; work environment characteristics; occupational exposure factors; hearing protection measures; and hearing handicap inventory to quantify the psychosocial consequences of work-related hearing loss. Results: The prevalence of hearing impairment among workers in the construction sector was 14.43% (n = 125). There were 311 emotional and social complaints related to hearing problems. Hearing handicap was associated with: 60 or over age group (PR = 1.94, 95%CI 1.01 -3.71); alcohol consumption (PR = 1.94, 95%CI 1.38 -2.73); direct exposure to noise (PR = 1.75; 95%CI 1.03 -2.97); exposure to dust (PR = 1.59, 95%CI 1.13 -2.24); non-use of earplugs (PR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.00 -1.93); and non-use of neck flap cap (PR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.09 -2.13). Conclusion: We observed a high prevalence of hearing impairment among workers in the construction sector associated with: individuals aged 60 years or older; alcoholism; exposure to noise and dust; non-use of earplugs; and non-use of neck flap cap. Therefore, it is necessary to implement policies aimed at preserving the hearing health of construction and heavy construction workers.