Accidents with Hymenoptera are common in childhood probably because children are more exposed to the outdoors. Most of the reactions to their poison toxic effect are secondary and confined to the site of the sting, and treatment is performed in the outpatient clinic. Extensive, toxic, and severe anaphylactic reactions may require hospital care and intensive treatment in addition to the outpatient approach. Allergic manifestations result from a type I hypersensitivity reaction, mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) in previously sensitized individuals to components recognized as allergens, present in the venom of insects from the Hymenoptera order. Systemic reactions are uncommon in childhood patients, reaching less than 1% of cases, however, this prevalence can reach 8.9% in adults. A detailed medical history is essential to determine diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, as well as guidance for preventative measures in each case. Skin prick and/or intradermal tests are the choice for diagnosis. However, in vivo and in vitro tests are considered complementary because none of them, individually, identifies all patients who are truly allergic. The degree of sensitivity demonstrated in these tests does not correlate with the severity of symptoms.