Pesq. Vet. Bras. 30(11):968-973, novembro 2010 RESUMO.-O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo retrospectivo sobre neoplasias cutâneas diagnosticadas em cães. A avaliação foi realizada pela análise dos arquivos diagnósticos do Setor de Patologia Veterinária (SPV) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brasil, considerando-se um intervalo de seis anos (2002 a 2007). Neste intervalo, um total de 1.869 (37,3%) amostras de pele canina foram obtidas de 5.016 amostras variadas de tecidos de cães encaminhadas ao SPV. Dentre as amostras cutâneas, 1.002 pertenciam a cães diagnosticados com um tipo de neoplasia cutânea e 15 animais apresentaram mais de uma neoplasia de pele, totalizando 1.017 (20,3%) amostras. Os resultados revelaram que 50,5% (514/1017) das neoplasias cutâneas apresentaram origem mesenquimal, 45,1% (459/1017) para epitelial e 3,9% (40/1017) para melanocítica. Mastocitoma foi o tipo neoplásico cutâneo mais frequente, diagnosticado em 228 casos (22,4%), seguido por carcinoma de célu-las escamosas (7,5%), lipoma (7,3%), adenoma de glân-dula perianal (7,1%) e tricoblastoma (5,8%). Cocker Spaniel, Boxer, Poodle e Pastor Alemão foram as raças mais representadas em diversos neoplasmas. Os dados obtidos, comparados aos estudos prévios, ressaltam as variáveis raças, idade e sexo, relacionadas a alguns tumores cutâ- Prevalência de neoplasmas cutâneos em cães daRegião Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS: 1.017 casos

The adhesion ability of bacteria to abiotic surfaces has important implications in food industries, because these organisms can survive for long periods through the biofilm formation. They can be transferred from one place to another in the industry causing contamination of the food processing environment. In this study, the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the antimicrobial peptide P34, characterized as a bacteriocinlike substance (BLS P34) were tested against planktonic and sessile cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from foods. The BLS P34 showed inhibitory effect against all planktonic cells of E. faecalis. The inhibition of biofilm formation and the eradication of pre-formed biofilm were evaluated with the crystal violet assay and with the reduction of 3-bromide [4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. The BLS P34 promoted a reduction of percentage of adhered microbial cells on the surface, not being able to perform the complete elimination of biofilm formation. The metabolic activity of S. aureus biofilms decreased considerably between 41-95%. However, E. faecalis cells showed up metabolically stimulated. The BLS P34 has the potential antibiofilm for the species S. aureus. Studies suggest more detailed approaches to a better understanding of the interactions between the antimicrobial and bacterial cells within the biofilm structure.

Agriculture uses many food production chains, and herbicides participate in this process by eliminating weeds through different biochemical strategies. However, herbicides can affect non-target organisms such as bacteria, which can suffer damage if there is no efficient control of reactive oxygen species. It is not clear, according to the literature, whether the efficiency of this control needs to be selected by the presence of xenobiotics. Thus, the Pseudomonas sp. CMA 6.9 strain, collected from biofilms in an herbicide packaging washing tank, was selected for its tolerance to pesticides and analyzed for activities of different antioxidative enzymes against the herbicides Boral®, absent at the isolation site, and Heat®, present at the site; both herbicides have the same mode of action, the inhibition of the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase. The strain showed tolerance to both herbicides in doses up to 45 times than those applied in agriculture. The toxicity of these herbicides, which is greater for Boral®, was assessed by means of oxidative stress indicators, growth kinetics, viability, and amounts of peroxide and malondialdehyde. However, the studied strain showed two characteristic antioxidant response systems for each herbicide: glutathione-s-transferase acting to control malondialdehyde in treatments with Boral®; and catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase in the control of peroxide induced by Heat®. It is possible that this modulation of the activity of different enzymes independent of previous selection characterizes a system of metabolic plasticity that may be more general in the adaptation of microorganisms in soil and water environments subjected to chemical contaminants. This is relevant to the impact of pesticides on the diversity and abundance of microbial species as well as a promising line of metabolic studies in microbial consortia for use in bioremediation.

RESUMODescrevem-se cinco casos de pitiose cutânea em equinos enviados ao Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Microscopicamente focos necróticos circundados por infiltrados de eosinófilos, neutrófilos, macrófagos e abundante tecido conjuntivo fibroso foi observado. Filamentos de hifas esparsamente septadas foram identificadas no centro das áreas necróticas. Na coloração de prata metenamina de Grocott hifas septadas, ramificadas foram também observadas no interior dos focos de necrose. O diagnóstico de pitiose foi confirmado em todos os casos através do teste de imuno-histoquímica em cortes de tecido usando um anticorpo policlonal anti-Pythium insidiosum. Imuno-histoquímica em tecidos fixados em formalina podem ser úteis no diagnóstico de pitiose quando o material submetido não pode ser mais utilizado para cultivo.Descritores: equino, Pythium insidiosum, pitiose, imuno-histoquímica. ABSTRACTThis report describes five cases of equine cutaneos pythiosis submitted to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory -Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Microscopically necrotic foci surrounded by eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages infiltrated and marked fibrosis were observed. Septated scattered hyphal filaments were also identified in the center of necrotic areas. In Gomori methenamine silver-stained sections septate hyphae were also observed within areas of necrosis. A diagnosis of Pythium insidiosum infection was confirmed in all cases by immunoperoxidase staining of tissue sections using a P. insidiosum polyclonal antibody. Immunohistochemical on formalin fixed material can be useful for diagnosis when materials submitted to culture are not more available.

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