Abstract:In the field of family therapy (FT), theoretical and methodological perspectives coexist. This article aims to comprehend how family therapists use different theories, especially social constructionism. We describe a qualitative study, carried out through semi-structured and individual interviews with 14 Brazilian family therapists, men and women. Our analysis and discussion present four types of discourse by which the participants combine theoretical perspectives: conciliatory-constructionist, conciliatory-reflexive, conciliatory--descriptive and eclectic. The analysis presents features that characterize and differentiate each discourse, and implications they have on the participants' practice. We conclude that the combination of theories is an effort to enhance clinical practice, at the same time as it creates tensions in the FT field. This article invites family therapists to construct practices based on an epistemological investigation, by which they will be able to identify theoretical premises that guide their actions, as an effort to achieve congruence between practices and the theories behind them. Resumen: En el campo de la terapia familiar (TF) coexisten perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas. El objetivo de este artículo es comprender cómo los terapeutas familiares utilizan teorías de la TF, especialmente, el construccionismo social. Es un estudio cualitativo, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas, con 14 terapeutas familiares brasileños, hombres y mujeres. El análisis y discusión presentan cuatro discursos en que terapeutas combinan teorías: conciliatorio-construccionista, conciliatorio-reflexivo, conciliatorio-explicativo e ecléctico. El análisis presenta aspectos que los caracterizan y diferencian, e implicaciones en la práctica de los terapeutas. Concluimos que la combinación de teorías busca enriquecer la práctica clínica y genera tensiones en el campo de la TF. El artículo invita terapeutas a la construcción de prácticas orientadas por una investigación epistemológica, a través de las cuales puedan identificar presupuestos teóricos que guían sus acciones, buscando congruencia entre las prácticas adoptadas y las teorías que las fundamentan. Keywords

RESUMO.O campo da terapia familiar (TF) é composto por diferentes propostas teóricas e epistemológicas. Recentemente, o construcionismo social tem contribuído para a configuração de novas práticas em TF, levando a uma maior ênfase nos processos de comunicação no contexto terapêutico. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a difusão do construcionismo entre terapeutas familiares brasileiros. Participaram 14 terapeutas, homens e mulheres, psicólogos, que realizam atendimentos de famílias e são professores em cursos de formação em TF. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas, q ue foram gravadas em áudio e transcritas literalmente. A partir das propostas construcionistas para a pesquisa científica, realizamos análise temática das informações. Nas cinco temáticas construídas, discutimos como os participantes descrevem o construcionismo e as implicações advindas em sua prática clínica. Concluímos que a difusão deste está atrelada à atribuição de utilidade aos conceitos teóricos, constituindo -se em porta de entrada para reflexões acerca da atuação clínica e cujas contribuições agrega m novos elementos ao posicionamento do terapeuta. Palavras-chave: Terapia familiar; construcionismo social; psicologia clínica; terapeutas. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONIST DISCOURSE IN THE CLINICAL PRACTICE OF FAMILY THERAPISTSABSTRACT. The field of family therapy (FT) consists of different theoretical and epistemological proposals. More recently, social constructionism has contributed for the creation of new practices in FT, leading to an emphasis on the communication processes in the therapeutic context. This study aims to comprehend dissemination forms of social constructionist discourse among Brazilian family therapists. We interviewed 14 family therapists, men and women, psychologists, who work with family counseling, and are responsible for teaching social constructionism in FT training institutes. All the interviews were recorded and literally transcribed. A thematic analysis was carried out based on social constructionism contributions for research practice. Throughout these themes, we discuss the participants' definitions of social constructionism and its implications for their positioning in daily practice. We conclude that the dissemination of social constructionist discourse is related to the utility that family therapists attach to these theoretica l contributions, turning them into resources for their positioning as family therapists.

The integration of theories and techniques is part of family therapists' daily practice, raising the need to understand which resources are used in this professional's clinical actions. Our aim is to reflect on the use of theoretical and technical resources by family therapists in their daily practice. We developed an inquiry process inspired by collaborative action research and social constructionism. Couple and family therapy sessions were conducted by two family therapists, and we developed subsequent dialogs with them focused on describing theoretical and technical inspirations for their actions. Next, we named four categories of actions in this process: exploratory actions, actions for the construction of relational visions, actions for the construction of communication, and actions for family orientation. The therapists-participants referred to many theoretical and technical resources that inspired their practice. For them, the choice of using one or another resource was based on the demands of the interactive moment, which involves their relational and embodied responses to what was experienced in the sessions. We argue that epistemological coherence is not something that guides the therapist's practice a priori, but something that can be achieved by talking about and reflecting on their actions. This article can contribute to clinical practice and training in family therapy by presenting an interesting reflexive process that can be useful to enhance practice in couple and family therapy (FAPESP, Process n. 2015/21316-1).

Resumo As internações psiquiátricas compulsórias (IPC) têm sido amplamente discutidas, ressaltando tensões entre seu aumento expressivo e o que preconiza a reforma psiquiátrica. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os sentidos produzidos com equipes de saúde mental sobre IPC e seus desafios cotidianos. Para tanto, criamos seis grupos focais com profissionais de um hospital psiquiátrico. Os encontros foram audiogravados e as transcrições analisadas qualitativamente, com destaque aos sentidos construídos sobre IPC e seus desafios no cotidiano. Nossa análise aponta que, embora os profissionais façam uso dos mesmos recursos terapêuticos, a IPC se diferencia no cotidiano pela forma como é feita a admissão, que implica em baixa adesão e prorrogação da internação pela interferência do judiciário. Concluímos que o uso de IPC, para sanar questões sociais, persiste, e que o diálogo entre a justiça e a saúde é fundamental para recuperação dos princípios éticos e humanos que orientam a reforma psiquiátrica.