<p>Flooding is among the leading climatic threats to people&#8217;s livelihoods, affecting development prospects worldwide. While the danger is already substantial, climate change and rapid urbanization in flood zones will likely further drive-up flood risks. &#160;</p> <p>The support from flood risk assessment studies, which quantify the impacts of hazardous events on the built environment, economy and society, is fundamental for defining and implementing strategies to manage and reduce flood risk effectively. However, according to the typology of considered assets, there are different methodologies for flood risk assessment. While for direct physical and monetary dimensions, the scientific community offers a variety of widely used models, the application of models beyond these dimensions is much less frequent, and the selection and implementation of a model for estimating indirect losses or impacts for a given application case are not straightforward.</p> <p>This work presents the lesson learnt from the recent updating process of the Flood Risk Management Plan of Po River District Authority carried out in the context of the MOVIDA project ((https://sites.google.com/view/movida-project, 2022), in compliance with the European Floods Directive (2007/60/EC). The analysis spread across the following assets: residential buildings, crops, dairy farms, commercial and industrial sectors, strategic facilities, roads and railways, cultural heritage, environment and population. In particular, this study critically examines and discusses the needs and challenges faced by the research consortium to implement a comprehensive impact. Furthermore, the major bottlenecks for the different assets are explored across the standard dimensions: state of art, data availability and openness, spatial/temporal resolution and scale, methodology framework and implementation.</p>
<p>Irrigation in northern Italy takes advantage of the Maggiore, Como, Iseo, Idro and Garda pre-alpine lakes, whose management rules and structures allow to stock rain and snowmelt outside the irrigation season and share it among the downstream users during late spring and summer. Consorzio Irrigazioni Cremonesi founded in 1883 (CIC in the following) is the most important irrigation consortia in the province of Cremona (northern Italy) in terms of amount of discharged water for irrigation purposes and manages a channel network that dates back to the 16<sup>th</sup> century. The maximum discharge derived from the Oglio river and the Adda river by CIC is 57.8 m<sup>3</sup>/s transported to the different withdrawal points (271) by an open channel network with a length of approximately 261 km. The water distribution provided by CIC is regulated by a complex and rigid timetable of the water turn, which defines the amount of water delivered to each user and the time duration. The intakes of the channel network are provided by the regulation of pre-alpine Lake Iseo and Lake Como, whose level regulation dates back to 1930 and was defined by law considering a set of conflicting constraints as well as the water demand of the irrigated areas. The water distributed by CIC provides a set of ecological services that go beyond simple irrigation. &#160;Although the management of these Lakes is expected to change under the effects of the climate change, on the other hand the management of the irrigation water system is very stiff, being based on pure historical custom and relying on the practical experience of a small group of people. Accordingly, it is likely that this traditional management will become unsuitable in the future and practical experience could be of little use in search of new optimized water distribution frameworks. To manage this transition, CIC is building a mathematical model of the channel network that will be used to test different management options, following the reduction of available discharge caused by different conditions of the lake. The mathematical model, based on the one-dimensional formulation of the Saint-Venant equations, should be able to perform long time simulations for a set of complex interconnected channels in order to capture the different regulations of the gates in correspondence of the withdrawal points along the channel and to take into account the large number of structures which affect the flow along the channel network.</p>
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