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The fifth-generation (5G) technology is anticipated to permit connectivity to billions of devices, called the Internet of Things (IoT). The primary benefit of 5G is that it has maximum bandwidth and can drastically expand service beyond cell phones to standard internet service for conventionally fixed connectivity to homes, offices, factories, etc. But IoT devices will unavoidably be the primary target of diverse kinds of cyberattacks, notably distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Since the conventional DDoS mitigation techniques are ineffective for 5G networks, machine learning (ML) approaches find helpful to accomplish better security. With this motivation, this study resolves the network security issues posed by network devices in the 5G networks and mitigates the harmful effects of DDoS attacks. This paper presents a new pigeon-inspired optimization-based feature selection with optimal functional link neural network (FLNN), PIOFS-OFLNN model for mitigating DDoS attacks in the 5G environment. The proposed PIOFS-OFLNN model aims to detect DDoS attacks with the inclusion of feature selection and classification processes. The proposed PIOFS-OFLNN model incorporates different techniques such as pre-processing, feature selection, classification, and parameter tuning. In addition, the PIOFS algorithm is employed to choose an optimal subset of features from the pre-processed data. Besides, the OFLNN based classification model is applied to determine DDoS attacks where the Rat Swarm Optimizer (RSO) parameter tuning takes place to adjust the parameters involved in the FLNN model optimally. FLNN is a low computational interconnectivity higher cognitive neural network. There are still no hidden layers. FLNN’s input vector is operationally enlarged to produce non-linear remedies. More details can be accessed application of Nature-Inspired Method to Odia Written by hand Number system Recognition. To validate the improved DDoS detection performance of the proposed model, a benchmark dataset is used.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication of diabetes that affects most of the diabetic patients.It will cause open wounds on the foot. Untreated DFU will lead to amputation and infection, which results in removal of foot or leg. As diabetes is the major health problem faced by people of all age groups, identifying foot ulcers at an early stage is essential. In this context, an efficient model to predict the foot ulcer accurately was proposed in this work. OBJECTIVES: To predict DFU using an effective neural network algorithm on a suitable dataset that consists of risk factors and clinical outcomes of the disease. METHODS: In recent days, ML techniques are most commonly used for predicting various diseases. To achieve the objectives a neural network technique, namely extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed to predict DFU accurately. In addition, three existing algorithms, namely KNN, SVM with Gaussian kernel and ANN are also considered. These are implemented in R programming. RESULTS: Algorithms compared in terms of five evaluation metrics accuracy, zero-one loss, threat score/critical success index (TS/CSI), false omission rate (FOR) and false discovery rate (FDR). The values of accuracy, 0-1 loss, TS/CSI, FOR and FDR obtained for ELM are 96.15%, 0.0385, 0.95, 0 and 0.05 respectively. CONCLUSION: After comparison, it was discovered that ELM had outperformed other algorithms in terms of all the metrics. Thus, it was recommended to use ELM over other algorithms while predicting diabetic foot ulcers.

Recent years have witnessed an astronomical growth in the amount of textual information available both on the web and institutional wise document repositories. As a result, text mining has become extremely prevalent and processing of textual information from such repositories got the focus of the current age researchers. Indeed, in the researcher front of text analysis, there are numerous cutting edge applications are available for text mining. More specifically, the classification oriented text mining has been gaining more attention as it concentrates measures like coverage and accuracy. Along with the huge volume of data, the aspirations of the user are growing far higher than the human capacity, thus, an automated and competitive intelligent systems are essential for reliable text analysis. Towards this, the authors in the present paper propose an Intelligent Text Data Classification System (ITDCS) which is designed in the light of biological nature of genetic approach and able to acquire computational intelligence accurately. Initially, ITDCS focusses on preparing structured data from the huge volume of unstructured data with its procedural steps and filter methods. Subsequently, it emphasises on classifying the text data into labelled classes using KNN classification based on the selection of best features derived by genetic algorithm. In this process, it specially concentrates on adding the power of intelligence to the classifier using together with the biological parts namely, encoding strategy, fitness function and operators of genetic algorithm. The integration of all biological components of genetic algorithm in ITDCS significantly improves the accuracy and reduces the misclassification rate in classifying the text data.

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