No abstract

Long-tailed macaque/LTM (Macaca fascicularis) has good interaction and adaptation ability, as we found in the Tlogo Muncar area, Kaliurang, Yogyakarta, which is accustomed to visitors. Often food provision by visitors allegedly increases the aggressiveness of LTMs. Three groups of macaques identified at Tlogo Muncar are Waterfall, Joglo Trubus, and Mushola group. The study aimed to understand visitors’ perceptions and the aggression level of LTM at Tlogo Muncar area, Merapi Mount National Park (Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi/TNGM) after two years of closure of the site caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Observations were conducted using the scan sampling method and continued by focal sampling. According to Wijayanto (2015), the aggressiveness of LTM is divided into four categories, aggressive level 1: dare to approach, potentially attack physically and steal goods or food from the front; aggressive level 2, steal goods or food from behind or side, aggressive level 3, steal goods or food when the visitor is off guard; and aggressive level 4, dare to approach when fed and only look for food waste in the dump. Observing visitors’ perceptions was conducted by randomly distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. The result showed that aggressive behaviour level 1 is generally carried out by adult male LTMs. However, aggressive behaviour observed is mainly aggressivity level 4. The questionnaire results indicate decreasing respondents’ understanding of the disease transmission from long-tailed monkeys to humans compared to the 2021 questionnaire result. However, most visitors agreed that the interaction between humans and LTMs should be limited to a specific location within the area.

This article aims to analyze the emergence of challengers of mobilization in the case of a movement against the redevelopment plan of Rumah Susun Klender in East Jakarta using a field theory approach. Mobilization issues around housing in Indonesia are not new, but it is still dominated by evictions issues. Therefore, the Rumah Susun Klender case can be considered unique. Using the case study method, data were obtained through several observation techniques, such as document study and indepth interviews with 10 informants. The results of the analysis reveal that the transformation of people resistance into the emergence of Paguyuban Tandingan (rival organization) as challenger of mobilization is not merely caused by redevelopment plans. Indeed, it was generated by an initial contention (internal dynamics) that occurred between the residents and the Association of Apartment Owners and Occupants (P3SRS). The residents who are anti-redevelopment was consolidated by, and joined with, the rival organization to take over P3SRS’ authority as a governance unit to achieve one goal: cancelling the redevelopment plan.

Much has been studied about the agrarian issues and its conflicts in Indonesia, but few of them have been explored in the context of small islands designated as a conservation areas. To fill the gap, this paper aims to analyze the dynamics of spatial utilization and tenurial conflict in the conservation area of Moyo Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Based on qualitative methods, the data was gathered through observation, in-depth interviews with 20 key informants, and secondary sources. This study reveals that spatial utilization practices on Moyo Island are problematic which has triggered a conflict as consequence. Forest areas have been openly and collectively encroached on by the local community to become agricultural land due to a lack of control by the local government as the authority. Meanwhile, extensive fishing practices and tourism activities are threatening the long-term viability of coral reefs in coastal areas. These difficulties are also intertwined with tenurial conflicts between local communities and Nature Conservation Agency of West Nusa Tenggara regarding land boundaries as well as the problem among local people and the private sector purchasing and selling property under the table. All in all, this study offers policy recommendations to resolve those problems on conservation area of Moyo Island.