Dioscorea bulbifera Linn. is an important medicinal plant, which has long been used in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine for various diseases. This plant is pharmacologically studied for antitumor, anti HIV, antidyslipidemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, gastroprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, neuropharmacological, cardioprotective, anorexiant, plasmid curing activities and anti-hyperthyroid activities. A wide range of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from this plant. A comprehensive account of the morphology, microscopical characters, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities reported are included in view of the many recent findings of importance on this plant.

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