No abstract

In the Republic of Moldova the international labour migration has begun to develop since the second half of the 90`s of the XXth century. The international labour migration is the most massive form of migration of the Moldovan population, being one of the most pressing problems the country is currently facing. In mass media sources the number of migrants ranges from 340 thousand to 1 million people, representing more than 25% of the economically active population.The positive and negative effects of migration are felt not only directly by migrant population, but also other sectors of the population: the elderly parents and children. According to the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection there were registered 39 100 children left without care of 1 migrant parent or both migrant parents by the end of 2016 in the Republic of Moldova. In 2016 4172 children without parental care were taken under supervision.The most common problems in these children: educational (leaving school), psychological (aggression, depression, isolation), health (anaemia, worm infestation, malnutrition, chronicity of diseases, early pregnancy, drug addiction, alcohol abuse), often legal problems.At present it is necessary to develop new political strategies and social practices to combat the negative effects of labour migration and to increase the positive effects of this social phenomenon. Also, it is necessary to develop a national system for monitoring of children suffering from labour migration of parents to provide the most complete range of social and medical services.

The Republic of Moldova is today one of the countries which is considerably affected by migration. Almost 25% of the economically active population of the country is involved in temporary labor migration. According to the data offered by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Moldova, at the beginning of 2020, the total number of children affected by parental labor migration was 29 186. In order to define the quality of life (QL) of migrants’children, there were researched different aspects of their lives, such as physical functioning (FF), emotional functioning (EF), social functioning (SF) and school functioning (SF). The given research involved 150 children from Moldova. They were of different age groups (5-7, 8-12, 13-18), from whom 75 children were of the labor migrants and their parents/tutors who remain in the country and 75 children of the labor migrants without labor migration experience. As the instrument for given research there was used the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™4.0) questionnaire. In the course of the research there was emphasized the quality of life of children of the highest level with the score from 100 to 91, the middle level from 90 to 81, the low level from 80 to 71 and the lowest level less than 70 points. According to the results of the investigation it was established that the migrants’ children of various age groups, from all the examined aspects had a very low level of QL (less than 70 points). The presented results perform a very convincing fact that labor migrants’ children in comparison to their peers from the families without labor migration experience had a considerably low index on all the scales and on integral characteristics of quality of life.