Endometriosis affects 10% of women worldwide and is one of the most common causes of chronic pelvic pain and infertility. However, causal mechanisms of this disease remain unknown due to its heterogeneous presentation. In order to successfully study its phenotypic variation, large sample sizes are needed. Pooling of data across sites is not always feasible given the large variation in the complexity and quality of the data collected. The World Endometriosis Research Foundation (WERF) Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonization Project (EPHect) have developed an endometriosis participant questionnaire (EPQ) to harmonize non-surgical clinical participant characteristic data relevant to endometriosis research, allowing for large-scale collaborations in English-speaking populations. Although the WERF EPHect EPQs have been translated into different languages, no study has examined the cross-cultural translation and adaptation for content and face validity. In order to investigate this, we followed the standard guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation and translation of the minimum version of the EPQ (EPQ-M) using 40 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Turkey and 40 women in Northern Cyprus, aged between 18 and 55. We assessed the consistency by using cognitive testing and found the EPHect EPQ-M to be comprehensive, informative, and feasible in these two Turkish-speaking populations. The translated and adapted questionnaire was found to be epidemiologically robust, taking around 30–60 min to complete; furthermore, participants reported a similar understanding of the questions, showing that common perspectives were explored. Results from the cognitive testing process led to minor additions to some items such as further descriptive and/or visuals in order to clarify medical terminology. This paper illustrates the first successful cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the EPHect EPQ-M and should act as a tool to allow for further studies that wish to use this questionnaire in different languages. Standardized tools like this should be adopted by researchers worldwide to facilitate collaboration and aid in the design and conduction of global studies to ultimately help those affected by endometriosis and its associated symptoms.

Aims and Scope Eurasian Journal of Medicine (Eurasian J Med) is an international, scientific, open access periodical published by independent, unbiased, and tripleblinded peer-review principles. The journal is the official publication of

Aim Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome is an extremely advanced form of preeclampsia. Currently, there is no parameter or marker to predict this syndrome; however, it is emphasized that vascular endothelial damage and abnormal immune responses can be the possible etiologies of HELLP syndrome. It is known that human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a protease inhibitor and previous studies have shown that HE4 protein levels are increased in many malignancies and inflammatory conditions. Considering that metalloproteinases may also play a role in endothelial damage, which is thought to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of HELLP syndrome, we thought that HE4 protein, which is a protease inhibitor, may be associated with vascular damage. We aimed to investigate the relationship between HELLP syndrome and HE4 protein and to identify a biomarker that can be utilized in the diagnosis of HELLP syndrome. Study Design In this study, 40 patients with HELLP syndrome and 40 healthy pregnant women with similar characteristics without HELLP syndrome were compared. Results When the results were evaluated, no statistically significant difference was found between serum HE4 protein levels in patients with HELLP syndrome and patients without HELLP syndrome in this study (p: 0.29). Conclusion HE4 protein has no field of use in obstetrics yet. In our study, we aimed to find a new biomarker to identify patients with HELLP syndrome. However, we could not find any statistically significant difference in terms of HE4 protein levels between patients with and without HELLP syndrome. Our study is an important study as it is the first study aiming to use HE4 protein in obstetrics.

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