The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a serious antibiotic management problem as resistance genes are easily transferred from one organism to another. Fifty-one strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from sporadic cases in various hospitals throughout Malaysia were analysed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR detection of ESBL-encoding genes and DNA fingerprinting. Although 27 of the 51 K. pneumoniae strains were MDR (i.e. resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics), the majority of the strains (98 %) were sensitive to imipenem. PCR detection using ESBL gene-specific primers showed that 46 of the K. pneumoniae strains harboured bla SHV , 19 harboured bla CTX-M , 5 harboured bla OXA-1 and 4 harboured bla TEM-1 . Class 1 integron-encoded intI1 integrase was detected in 21 of the 51 K. pneumoniae strains and amplification of the integron 59CS region showed the presence of several known antibiotic resistance gene cassettes of various sizes. Results of conjugation and transformation experiments indicated that some of the ESBL-encoding genes (i.e. bla SHV , bla CTX-M and bla TEM-1 ) were transmissible and were likely plasmid-encoded. DNA fingerprinting using PFGE and PCR-based methods indicated that the 51 K. pneumoniae strains were genetically diverse and heterogeneous.
The emergence of Escherichia coli resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) is of concern as ESC is often used to treat infections by Gram-negative bacteria. One-hundred and ten E. coli strains isolated in 2009-2010 from children warded in a Malaysian tertiary hospital were analyzed for their antibiograms, carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC genes, possible inclusion of the beta-lactamase genes on an integron platform, and their genetic relatedness. All E. coli strains were sensitive to carbapenems. About 46% of strains were multidrug resistant (MDR; i.e., resistant to ≥3 antibiotic classes) and almost half (45%) were nonsusceptible to ESCs. Among the MDR strains, high resistance rates were observed for ampicillin (98%), tetracycline (75%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (73%). Out of 110 strains, bla(TEM-1) (49.1%), bla(CTX-M) (11.8%), and bla(CMY-2) (6.4%) were detected. Twenty-one strains were ESBL producers. CTX-M-15 was the predominant CTX-M variant found and this is the first report of a CTX-M-27-producing E. coli strain from Malaysia. Majority (3.1%) of the strains harbored class 1 integron-encoded integrases with a predominance of aadA and dfr genes within the integron variable region. No gene cassette encoding ESBL genes was found and integrons were not significantly associated with ESBL or non-ESBL producers. Possible clonal expansion was observed for few CTX-M-15-positive strains but the O25-ST131 E. coli clone known to harbor CTX-M-15 was not detected while CMY-2-positive strains were genetically diverse.
Escherichia coli is an important etiologic agent of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Multidrug-resistant E. coli EC302/04 was isolated from a tracheal aspirate, and its genome sequence is expected to provide insights into antimicrobial resistance as well as adaptive and virulence mechanisms of E. coli involved in LRTI.
Актуальность. Особое внимание в последнее время уделяется изучению факторов вирулентности микроорганизмов, от экспресcии которых зависит скорость их выведения из очага инфекции и прогноз заболевания. Целью работы является оценка факторов чувствительности к антибиотикам и факторов патогенности штаммов Klebsiella spp., выделенных из трофических язв. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 76 штаммов Klebsiella spp., выделенных из трофических язв. Все изолированные штаммы были идентифицированы и протестированы в соответствии с действующими руководящими принципами. Тестирование на чувствительность к антибиотикам и интерпретация результатов проводились в соответствии с EUCAST. Лецитиназная активность определяли на желточно-солевом агаре, гемолитическую активность на кровяном агаре, а антилизоцимную и антикомплементарную активность определяли в соответствии с методом, описанным О. Бухариным и др. Формирование биопленки определяли количественно с помощью метода микротитрования. Результаты. Штаммы Klebsiella spp., выделенные из трофических язв, показали высокую устойчивость к антимикробным препаратам и наличие множества факторов патогенности. Гемолитическая активность составила 53,9 %, антилизоцимная активность 90,8 %, лецитиназная 56,6 %, антикомплементарная 97,4 %, и 86,8 % штаммов продуцировали детектируемую биопленку. Штаммы, выделенные в случае смешанной инфекции, показали более высокую устойчивость к антибиотикам и более высокую степень экспрессии факторов патогенности, по сравнению со штаммами, выделенными при моноинфекции. Выводы. Klebsiella spp. штаммы, выделенные из инфицированных трофических язв, обладают множеством факторов патогенности и высокой устойчивостью к антимикробным препаратам. Штаммы-продуценты биопленок показали высокую и множественную устойчивость к антибактериальным препаратам. Регулярный мониторинг факторов патогенности и их профиля устойчивости к антибиотикам может повысить эффективность лечения трофических язв.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.