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The Jamuna Bridge project is a case that illustrates an integrated approach to project appraisal. An integrated approach allows analysts to examine financial, economic, distributive, and risk analysis in conjunction with each other such that no single aspect is left to be examined in isolation. The economic analysis, which looks at the project’s impact on Bangladesh’s overall economy, presents a method of computing the real economic benefits of the bridge, including savings in vehicle operating costs, and the value of time savings gained by passenger and freight traffic. The financial analysis of such an infrastructure project checks on the sustainability of the service agency (the Bridge Authority) over time. Sensitivity and risk analyses are central to the evaluation of this project because they identify the most critical variables and allow a probability distribution of values to be used in the model, rather than a single deterministic value. The distributive analysis identifies who would gain or lose if the bridge project was undertaken, which, in turn, indicates who would be likely supporters or opponents of the project.

In India about 3.15 million ha water area fall under reservoirs and 47% of this i.e., 1.48 million ha is contributed by small reservoirs alone (Sugunan, 1997). There are many wetlands available in different parts of the country. The freshwater in these wetlands is amongst the most critical factors limiting urban growth, agriculture, fisheries development and other aquatic resources. Madhya Pradesh is the second largest geographic unit of the county with an area of 3, 08, 245 km 2 . There are many wetland areas in the form of rivers, lakes and man-made reservoirs. The state with 0.46 million ha are under reservoirs has the maximum water spread area under man-made lakes. The small, medium and large reservoirs in the state are

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The Jamuna Bridge project is a case that illustrates an integrated approach to project appraisal. An integrated approach allows analysts to examine financial, economic, distributive, and risk analysis in conjunction with each other such that no single aspect is left to be examined in isolation. The economic analysis, which looks at the project’s impact on Bangladesh’s overall economy, presents a method of computing the real economic benefits of the bridge, including savings in vehicle operating costs, and the value of time savings gained by passenger and freight traffic. The financial analysis of such an infrastructure project checks on the sustainability of the service agency (the Bridge Authority) over time. Sensitivity and risk analyses are central to the evaluation of this project because they identify the most critical variables and allow a probability distribution of values to be used in the model, rather than a single deterministic value. The distributive analysis identifies who would gain or lose if the bridge project was undertaken, which, in turn, indicates who would be likely supporters or opponents of the project.