Rapid prototyping (RP) advancements are in light of the rule of making three-dimensional geometries straightforwardly from computer aided design (CAD) by stacking two-dimensional profiles on top of one another. Rapid manufacturing (RM) is the utilization of rapid prototyping advancements to make end-utilize or completed items. Aside from the ordinary assembling methods which are utilized for quite a while assembling of an item, added substance assembling methodologies have picked up force in the late years. The explanation for this is that these techniques don't oblige extraordinary tooling and don't evacuate material which is exceptionally advantageous really taking shape of a segment. Rapid manufacturing is the developing innovation in assembling commercial ventures with a specific end goal to create the model inside the less time and expense effective. In this paper we talked about a portion of the fast assembling advancements in light of the sort of crude material is utilized for the procedures, applications, preferences and limits.

Developing a Medicinal implants or devices is a challenging task for the researchers, right from the selection of materials, design, bio-compatibility and implantation to the host tissue. At every stage it requires proper care in processing of medical implants. In recent years the demand for medical implants had grown rapidly due to the awareness in the society. Major share of implants is used by younger people as they are active in sports, motor vehicle accidents leads to facture. Even older people also preferring to implants for ease of living. The commonly used implants are, prosthetic joints, knee replacement, dental, maxillofacial reconstructions etc.There is huge demand for the medical implants in coming years, presently a few bio-materials available for implant devices such as Ti-alloys, Stainless steel and Co-Cr-Mo alloys. There a scope to the researchers to develop a new alloy that are bio-compatible in nature and bring down the cost of the implant procedure to the needed patients. In this context additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced manufacturing technology emerging as prominent technique in medical fields. Laser Engineered Net ShapingTM (LENS) is one such metal additive technique which provides fabrication of parts with the help of laser power, melts the powder alloy completely and builds parts layer by layer directly from the CAD model.In the present study, samples are fabricated from LENS process and carried the In-Vitro and In -Vivo bio-compatible tests as cytotoxicity and sub chronic toxicity to verify the toxicants release and their sustainability as the medical implants by the LENS deposited Co-Cr-W alloy samples. From the studies it is observed that the alloy samples show acceptable result. MTT assay demonstrate that cell viability is better in Osteoblast cells compared to the Fibroblast cells. Osteoblast cells show slightly more viable to the cell treatment on the samples during the experimental period. Sub chronic toxicity conclude that LENS deposited Co-Cr-W alloy is not toxic in all the rats studied herein and did not produce any toxic signs or evident symptoms. LENS deposited Co-Cr-W alloy did not cause any lethality or produce any relative body organs weight and haematological studies didn’t show adverse effects.

3D-printing technology is otherwise called added substance assembling or fast prototyping, is an advanced manufacturing technique which builds 3D parts directly in layer by layer from the computer aided plan model in raster way with minimal wastage of material. Rather than in conventional manufacturing process where material is removed by the hard tool to bring the 3D component in desired model, 3D printing is completely contrast to it where material is added in sequence parts are built in layer by layer, it doesn't require any post processing as in conventional process. 3D printed parts are more performing under different loading conditions and easy to build and repair parts any stage of design cycle. Due its flexibility of manufacturing, it shows its applications in auto ancillaries, aerospace and medical filed. 3D printing technology showing it influencing in making medical implants. Manufacturing of medical implants in conventional process is very expensive. As these implants vary patient to patient, and it is difficult to make tailor made implants in conventional manufacturing processes. Hence 3D printing technology can overcome this issue with minimal cost for making tailor made implants for individual patients

This research paper is an outcome of investigation made on the parameters those affects on austenitic stainless steel work piece roughness in the turning operation as a part of that the parameters involved in the operation were analyzed and formulated as a Design of experiments to check out the influence of them in the turning operation. Mainly spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut were taken as chief contributors in the development of proper work piece surface. And the emphasis is made on the roughness of the work piece as a part of that the objective of the work is done to minimize the roughness by optimizing the process parameters. The results of the experiments made by the Taguchi's method have taken into further investigation by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method. Out of all parameters the feed rate was found as an important parameter that influences the surface roughness.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is also known as 3D printing and classifies various advanced manufacturing processes that are used to manufacture three dimensional parts or components with a digital file in a sequential layer-by-layer. This chapter gives a clear insight into the various AM processes that are popular and under development. AM processes are broadly classified into seven categories based on the type of the technology used such as source of heat (ultraviolet light, laser) and type materials (resigns, polymers, metal and metal alloys) used to fabricate the parts. These AM processes have their own merits and demerits depending upon the end part application. Some of these AM processes require extensive post-processing in order to get the finished part. For this process, a separate machine is required to overcome this hurdle in AM; hybrid manufacturing comes into the picture with building and post-processing the part in the same machine. This chapter also discusses the fourth industrial revolution (I 4.0) from the perspective of additive manufacturing.